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Tor is a widely used anonymity network that conceals user identities by routing traffic through encrypted relays, yet it remains vulnerable to traffic correlation attacks that deanonymize users by matching patterns in ingress and egress…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Binghui Wu , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Levente Csikor , Mohan Gurusamy

Anonymity networks are providing practical mechanisms to protect its users against censorship by hiding their identity and information content. The best-known anonymity network, The Onion Routing (Tor) network, is however subject to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Anna Engelmann , Admela Jukan

Whistleblower laws protect individuals who inform the public or an authority about governmental or corporate misconduct. Despite these laws, whistleblowers frequently risk reprisals and sites such as WikiLeaks emerged to provide a level of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-01-29 Volker Roth , Benjamin Güldenring , Eleanor Rieffel , Sven Dietrich , Lars Ries

Tor, a widely utilized privacy network, enables anonymous communication but is vulnerable to flow correlation attacks that deanonymize users by correlating traffic patterns from Tor's ingress and egress segments. Various defenses have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Minjae Seo , Myoungsung You , Jaehan Kim , Taejune Park , Seungwon Shin , Jinwoo Kim

Intrusion detection has attracted a considerable interest from researchers and industries. After many years of research the community still faces the problem of building reliable and efficient intrusion detection systems (IDS) capable of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Elike Hodo , Xavier Bellekens , Ephraim Iorkyase , Andrew Hamilton , Christos Tachtatzis , Robert Atkinson

Anonymity networks are becoming increasingly popular in today's online world as more users attempt to safeguard their online privacy. Tor is currently the most popular anonymity network in use and provides anonymity to both users and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Ishan Karunanayake , Nadeem Ahmed , Robert Malaney , Rafiqul Islam , Sanjay Jha

We develop a means to detect ongoing per-country anomalies in the daily usage metrics of the Tor anonymous communication network, and demonstrate the applicability of this technique to identifying likely periods of internet censorship and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Joss Wright , Alexander Darer , Oliver Farnan

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks on Tor can infer user destinations from encrypted traffic metadata. However, their real-world effectiveness remains debated due to laboratory settings that fail to capture network fluctuations, evaluate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mohammadhamed Shadbeh , Khashayar Khajavi , Tao Wang

The rapidly expanding Internet of Things (IoT) landscape is shifting toward cloudless architectures, removing reliance on centralized cloud services but exposing devices directly to the internet and increasing their vulnerability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Yumingzhi Pan , Zhen Ling , Yue Zhang , Hongze Wang , Guangchi Liu , Junzhou Luo , Xinwen Fu

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks identify the websites visited over anonymized connections by analyzing patterns in network traffic flows, such as packet sizes, directions, or interval times using a machine learning classifier. Previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Chuxu Song , Zining Fan , Hao Wang , Richard Martin

Ever since the introduction of the internet, it has been void of any privacy. The majority of internet traffic currently is and always has been unencrypted. A number of anonymous communication overlay networks exist whose aim it is to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-04-21 Rolf Jagerman , Wendo Sabée , Laurens Versluis , Martijn de Vos , Johan Pouwelse

Virtually every connection to an Internet service is preceded by a DNS lookup which is performed without any traffic-level protection, thus enabling manipulation, redirection, surveillance, and censorship. To address these issues, large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Sandra Siby , Marc Juarez , Claudia Diaz , Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez , Carmela Troncoso

TOR (The Onion Router) network is a widely used open source anonymous communication tool, the abuse of TOR makes it difficult to monitor the proliferation of online crimes such as to access criminal websites. Most existing approches for TOR…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Haili Sun , Yan Huang , Lansheng Han , Xiang Long , Hongle Liu , Chunjie Zhou

Tor is one of the most well-known networks that protects the identity of both content providers and their clients against any tracking or tracing on the Internet. So far, most research attention has been focused on investigating the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Mahdieh Zabihimayvan , Derek Doran

Tor is among most well-known dark net in the world. It has noble uses, including as a platform for free speech and information dissemination under the guise of true anonymity, but may be culturally better known as a conduit for criminal…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Mahdieh Zabihimayvan , Reza Sadeghi , Derek Doran , Mehdi Allahyari

We present the Waterfilling circuit selection method, which we designed in order to mitigate the risks of a successful end-to-end traffic correlation attack. Waterfilling proceeds by balancing the Tor network load as evenly as possible on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Florentin Rochet , Olivier Pereira

Website fingerprinting enables a local eavesdropper to determine which websites a user is visiting over an encrypted connection. State-of-the-art website fingerprinting attacks have been shown to be effective even against Tor. Recently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Payap Sirinam , Mohsen Imani , Marc Juarez , Matthew Wright

In this paper, we analyze the topology and the content found on the "darknet", the set of websites accessible via Tor. We created a darknet spider and crawled the darknet starting from a bootstrap list by recursively following links. We…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Georgia Avarikioti , Roman Brunner , Aggelos Kiayias , Roger Wattenhofer , Dionysis Zindros

Tor is an anonymity network used by millions of people every day to evade censorship and protect their browsing activity from privacy threats such as mass surveillance. Unfortunately, Tor has been shown to be vulnerable to website…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Ethan Witwer

Communication anonymity is a key requirement for individuals under targeted surveillance. Practical anonymous communications also require indistinguishability - an adversary should be unable to distinguish between anonymised and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-08-07 Joseph Gardiner , Shishir Nagaraja