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Web-scale pre-training datasets are the cornerstone of LLMs' success. However, text data curated from the Internet inevitably contains random noise caused by decoding errors or unregulated web content. In contrast to previous works that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jinghan Ru , Yuxin Xie , Xianwei Zhuang , Yuguo Yin , Zhihui Guo , Zhiming Liu , Qianli Ren , Yuexian Zou

Generalization in audio deepfake detection presents a significant challenge, with models trained on specific datasets often struggling to detect deepfakes generated under varying conditions and unknown algorithms. While collectively…

Restoring low-resolution text images presents a significant challenge, as it requires maintaining both the fidelity and stylistic realism of the text in restored images. Existing text image restoration methods often fall short in hard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chenglu Pan , Xiaogang Xu , Ganggui Ding , Yunke Zhang , Wenbo Li , Jiarong Xu , Qingbiao Wu

Pre-training strategies play a critical role in advancing the performance of transformer-based models for 3D point cloud tasks. In this paper, we introduce Point-RTD (Replaced Token Denoising), a novel pretraining strategy designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Gunner Stone , Youngsook Choi , Alireza Tavakkoli , Ankita Shukla

Recent research has made the surprising finding that state-of-the-art deep learning models sometimes fail to generalize to small variations of the input. Adversarial training has been shown to be an effective approach to overcome this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Sven Gowal , Chongli Qin , Po-Sen Huang , Taylan Cemgil , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Timothy Mann , Pushmeet Kohli

State-of-the-art natural language understanding classification models follow two-stages: pre-training a large language model on an auxiliary task, and then fine-tuning the model on a task-specific labeled dataset using cross-entropy loss.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Beliz Gunel , Jingfei Du , Alexis Conneau , Ves Stoyanov

Foundation language models learn from their finetuning input context in different ways. In this paper, we reformulate inputs during finetuning for challenging translation tasks, leveraging model strengths from pretraining in novel ways to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Brian Yu , Hansen Lillemark , Kurt Keutzer

A recently-proposed technique called self-adaptive training augments modern neural networks by allowing them to adjust training labels on the fly, to avoid overfitting to samples that may be mislabeled or otherwise non-representative. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Daniel Chiu , Franklyn Wang , Scott Duke Kominers

A trust-region algorithm is presented for finding approximate minimizers of smooth unconstrained functions whose values and derivatives are subject to random noise. It is shown that, under suitable probabilistic assumptions, the new method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-03 S. Bellavia , G. Gurioli , B. Morini , Ph. L. Toint

Diffusion models learn to restore noisy data, which is corrupted with different levels of noise, by optimizing the weighted sum of the corresponding loss terms, i.e., denoising score matching loss. In this paper, we show that restoring data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Jooyoung Choi , Jungbeom Lee , Chaehun Shin , Sungwon Kim , Hyunwoo Kim , Sungroh Yoon

The approximation and convergence properties of implicit neural representations (INRs) are known to be highly sensitive to parameter initialization strategies. While several data-driven initialization methods demonstrate significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Kushal Vyas , Alper Kayabasi , Daniel Kim , Vishwanath Saragadam , Ashok Veeraraghavan , Guha Balakrishnan

Diffusion models that are based on iterative denoising have been recently proposed and leveraged in various generation tasks like image generation. Whereas, as a way inherently built for continuous data, existing diffusion models still have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jiaao Chen , Aston Zhang , Mu Li , Alex Smola , Diyi Yang

Fine-tuning pre-trained robot policies with reinforcement learning (RL) often inherits the bottlenecks introduced by pre-training with behavioral cloning (BC), which produces narrow action distributions that lack the coverage necessary for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Matthew M. Hong , Jesse Zhang , Anusha Nagabandi , Abhishek Gupta

Blind face restoration methods have shown remarkable performance, particularly when trained on large-scale synthetic datasets with supervised learning. These datasets are often generated by simulating low-quality face images with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Tianshu Kuai , Sina Honari , Igor Gilitschenski , Alex Levinshtein

Diffusion models have become the dominant paradigm in text-to-image generation, and test-time scaling (TTS) improves sample quality by allocating additional computation at inference. Existing TTS methods, however, resample the entire image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Qin Ren , Yufei Wang , Lanqing Guo , Wen Zhang , Zhiwen Fan , Chenyu You

Self-play fine-tuning has demonstrated promising abilities in adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks with limited real-world data. The basic principle is to iteratively refine the model with real samples and synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yibo Wang , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Lijun Zhang

Real-world Super-Resolution (SR) has been traditionally tackled by first learning a specific degradation model that resembles the noise and corruption artifacts in low-resolution imagery. Thus, current methods lack generalization and lose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-27 Angela Castillo , María Escobar , Juan C. Pérez , Andrés Romero , Radu Timofte , Luc Van Gool , Pablo Arbeláez

In this paper, we present a novel nonlinear programming-based approach to fine-tune pre-trained neural networks to improve robustness against adversarial attacks while maintaining high accuracy on clean data. Our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Shudian Zhao , Jan Kronqvist

Post-training for large language models (LLMs) is constrained by the high cost of acquiring new knowledge or correcting errors and by the unintended side effects that frequently arise from retraining. To address these issues, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yisu Wang , Ming Wang , Haoyuan Song , Wenjie Huang , Chaozheng Wang , Yi Xie , Xuming Ran

Spatially dense self-supervised learning is a rapidly growing problem domain with promising applications for unsupervised segmentation and pretraining for dense downstream tasks. Despite the abundance of temporal data in the form of videos,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Mohammadreza Salehi , Efstratios Gavves , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano
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