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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at understanding natural language but struggle with explicit commonsense reasoning. A recent trend of research suggests that the combination of LLM with robust symbolic reasoning systems can overcome this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Manuel Borroto , Katie Gallagher , Antonio Ielo , Irfan Kareem , Francesco Ricca , Alessandra Russo

We provide a comprehensive elaboration of the theoretical foundations of variable instantiation, or grounding, in Answer Set Programming (ASP). Building on the semantics of ASP's modeling language, we introduce a formal characterization of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Roland Kaminski , Torsten Schaub

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a declarative programming language used for modeling and solving complex combinatorial problems. It has been successfully applied to a number of different realworld problems. However, learning its usage can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Rafael Martins , Matthias Knorr , Ricardo Gonçalves

Artificial Neural Networks are powerful function approximators capable of modelling solutions to a wide variety of problems, both supervised and unsupervised. As their size and expressivity increases, so too does the variance of the model,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-26 Richard Evans , Edward Grefenstette

In many real world applications of machine learning, models have to meet certain domain-based requirements that can be expressed as constraints (e.g., safety-critical constraints in autonomous driving systems). Such constraints are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Kshitij Goyal , Sebastijan Dumancic , Hendrik Blockeel

Pretrained large Language Models (LLMs) are able to answer questions that are unlikely to have been encountered during training. However a diversity of potential applications exist in the broad domain of reasoning systems and considerations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Tim Hartill

Traditional AI reasoning techniques have been used successfully in many domains, including logistics, scheduling and game playing. This paper is part of a project aimed at investigating how such techniques can be extended to coordinate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Marcello Balduccini , William C. Regli , Duc N. Nguyen

Cross-task generalization is a core challenge in open-world robotic manipulation, and the key lies in extracting transferable manipulation knowledge from seen tasks. Recent in-context learning approaches leverage seen task demonstrations to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xitie Zhang , Aming Wu , Yahong Han

Empirically, neural networks that attempt to learn programs from data have exhibited poor generalizability. Moreover, it has traditionally been difficult to reason about the behavior of these models beyond a certain level of input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Jonathon Cai , Richard Shin , Dawn Song

Complex, multi-task problems have proven to be difficult to solve efficiently in a sparse-reward reinforcement learning setting. In order to be sample efficient, multi-task learning requires reuse and sharing of low-level policies. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Valerie Chen , Abhinav Gupta , Kenneth Marino

Repeated executions of reasoning tasks for varying inputs are necessary in many applicative settings, such as stream reasoning. In this context, we propose an incremental grounding approach for the answer set semantics. We focus on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Francesco Calimeri , Giovambattista Ianni , Francesco Pacenza , Simona Perri , Jessica Zangari

Reinforcement learning exhibits potential in enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models, yet it is hard to scale for the low sample efficiency during the rollout phase. Existing methods attempt to improve efficiency by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Deyang Kong , Qi Guo , Xiangyu Xi , Wei Wang , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Systematic generalization refers to the capacity to understand and generate novel combinations from known components. Despite recent progress by large language models (LLMs) across various domains, these models often fail to extend their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Philipp Mondorf , Shijia Zhou , Monica Riedler , Barbara Plank

We present the third generation of the constraint answer set system clingcon, combining Answer Set Programming (ASP) with finite domain constraint processing (CP). While its predecessors rely on a black-box approach to hybrid solving by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Mutsunori Banbara , Benjamin Kaufmann , Max Ostrowski , Torsten Schaub

ACLP is a system which combines abductive reasoning and constraint solving by integrating the frameworks of Abductive Logic Programming (ALP) and Constraint Logic Programming (CLP). It forms a general high-level knowledge representation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Antonis Kakas

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of textual commonsense knowledge bases, aimed at providing more nuanced and context-rich knowledge. The integration of external commonsense into language models has been shown to be a key enabler in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Wanyun Cui , Xingran Chen

This paper describes a new approach on optimization of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) by means of substituting sub-CSPs with locally consistent regular membership constraints. The purpose of this approach is to reduce the number of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Sven Löffler , Ke Liu , Petra Hofstedt

It is a long-standing challenge to enable an intelligent agent to learn in one environment and generalize to an unseen environment without further data collection and finetuning. In this paper, we consider a zero shot generalization problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Huazhe Xu , Boyuan Chen , Yang Gao , Trevor Darrell

Abstraction is a well-known approach to simplify a complex problem by over-approximating it with a deliberate loss of information. It was not considered so far in Answer Set Programming (ASP), a convenient tool for problem solving. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Zeynep G. Saribatur , Thomas Eiter

Consistent query answering over a database that violates primary key constraints is a classical hard problem in database research that has been traditionally dealt with logic programming. However, the applicability of existing logic-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-07-23 Marco Manna , Francesco Ricca , Giorgio Terracina