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Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a purely declarative formalism developed in the field of logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning: computational problems are encoded by logic programs whose answer sets, corresponding to solutions, are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Francesco Calimeri , Simona Perri , Jessica Zangari

Answer set programming (ASP) is a popular nonmonotonic-logic based paradigm for knowledge representation and solving combinatorial problems. Computing the answer set of an ASP program is NP-hard in general, and researchers have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Fang Li , Huaduo Wang , Gopal Gupta

AI agents deployed in assistive roles often have to collaborate with other agents (humans, AI systems) without prior coordination. Methods considered state of the art for such ad hoc teamwork often pursue a data-driven approach that needs a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Hasra Dodampegama , Mohan Sridharan

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for enabling them to tackle complex, multi-step problems. Multi-agent frameworks have shown great potential in enhancing LLMs' reasoning capabilities. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Danqing Wang , Zhuorui Ye , Fei Fang , Lei Li

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

This paper introduces lateral thinking to implement System-2 reasoning capabilities in AI systems, focusing on anticipatory and causal reasoning under uncertainty. We present a framework for systematic generation and modeling of lateral…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Stefan Dernbach , Alejandro Michel , Khushbu Agarwal , Christopher Brissette , Geetika Gupta , Sutanay Choudhury

Economic decision-making depends not only on structured signals such as prices and taxes, but also on unstructured language, including peer dialogue and media narratives. While multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has shown promise in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Heyang Ma , Qirui Mi , Qipeng Yang , Zijun Fan , Bo Li , Haifeng Zhang

Advancing complex reasoning in large language models relies on high-quality, verifiable datasets, yet human annotation remains cost-prohibitive and difficult to scale. Current synthesis paradigms often face a recurring trade-off:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhengbo Jiao , Shaobo Wang , Zifan Zhang , Xuan Ren , Wei Wang , Bing Zhao , Hu Wei , Linfeng Zhang

Designing effective collaboration structure for multi-agent LLM systems to enhance collective reasoning is crucial yet remains under-explored. In this paper, we systematically investigate how collaborative reasoning performance is affected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Baixuan Xu , Chunyang Li , Weiqi Wang , Wei Fan , Tianshi Zheng , Haochen Shi , Tao Fan , Yangqiu Song , Qiang Yang

Enhancing LLMs with the ability to actively search external knowledge is crucial for complex and real-world tasks. Current approaches either rely on prompting to elicit the model's innate agent capabilities, or suffer from performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Chenyang Gu , Yewen Pu , Bruce Yang , Xiaofan Li , Huan Gao

A key challenge in non-cooperative multi-agent systems is that of developing efficient planning algorithms for intelligent agents to interact and perform effectively among boundedly rational, self-interested agents (e.g., humans). The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-19 Trong Nghia Hoang , Kian Hsiang Low

Table reasoning requires models to jointly perform semantic understanding and precise numerical operations. Most existing methods rely on a single-turn reasoning paradigm over tables which suffers from context overflow and weak numerical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mingyue Cheng , Shuo Yu , Chuang Jiang , Xiaoyu Tao , Qingyang Mao , Jie Ouyang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

There are two main barriers to using large language models (LLMs) in clinical reasoning. Firstly, while LLMs exhibit significant promise in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, their performance in complex reasoning and planning falls…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Shengxin Hong , Liang Xiao , Xin Zhang , Jianxia Chen

We consider the setting of stochastic multiagent systems modelled as stochastic multiplayer games and formulate an automated verification framework for quantifying and reasoning about agents' trust. To capture human trust, we work with a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Xiaowei Huang , Marta Kwiatkowska , Maciej Olejnik

Responsible AI has risen to the forefront of the AI research community. As neural network-based learning algorithms continue to permeate real-world applications, the field of Responsible AI has played a large role in ensuring that such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Niko A. Grupen

Foundation model-enabled generative artificial intelligence facilitates the development and implementation of agents, which can leverage distinguished reasoning and language processing capabilities to takes a proactive, autonomous role to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yue Liu , Sin Kit Lo , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Dehai Zhao , Xiwei Xu , Stefan Harrer , Jon Whittle

The human capability to reason about one domain by using knowledge of other domains has been researched for more than 50 years, but models that are formally sound and predict cognitive process are sparse. We propose a formally sound method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Claudia Schon , Ulrich Furbach , Marco Ragni

Knowledge representation and reasoning capacities are vital to cognitive robotics because they provide higher level cognitive functions for reasoning about actions, environments, goals, perception, etc. Although Answer Set Programming (ASP)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2013-07-30 Benjamin Andres , Philipp Obermeier , Orkunt Sabuncu , Torsten Schaub , David Rajaratnam

Multi-agent strategies have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by assigning specialized roles in the problem-solving process. Concurrently, Tree of Thoughts (ToT) methods have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Fatemeh Haji , Mazal Bethany , Maryam Tabar , Jason Chiang , Anthony Rios , Peyman Najafirad

Answering complex medical questions requires not only domain expertise and patient-specific information, but also structured and multi-perspective reasoning. Existing multi-agent approaches often rely on fixed roles or shallow interaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Siqi Ma , Jiajie Huang , Fan Zhang , Yue Shen , Jinlin Wu , Guohui Fan , Zhu Zhang , Zelin Zang