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Related papers: Benign Overfitting and Noisy Features

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Neoteric works have shown that modern deep learning models can exhibit a sparse double descent phenomenon. Indeed, as the sparsity of the model increases, the test performance first worsens since the model is overfitting the training data;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Victor Quétu , Enzo Tartaglione

A key challenge in building theoretical foundations for deep learning is the complex optimization dynamics of neural networks, resulting from the high-dimensional interactions between the large number of network parameters. Such non-trivial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Mohammad Pezeshki , Amartya Mitra , Yoshua Bengio , Guillaume Lajoie

Deep neural networks are widely used prediction algorithms whose performance often improves as the number of weights increases, leading to over-parametrization. We consider a two-layered neural network whose first layer is frozen while the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Roman Worschech , Bernd Rosenow

A significant obstacle in the development of robust machine learning models is covariate shift, a form of distribution shift that occurs when the input distributions of the training and test sets differ while the conditional label…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-17 Nilesh Tripuraneni , Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

Recent works demonstrated the existence of a double-descent phenomenon for the generalization error of neural networks, where highly overparameterized models escape overfitting and achieve good test performance, at odds with the standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Elizaveta Demyanenko , Christoph Feinauer , Enrico M. Malatesta , Luca Saglietti

Deep neural networks can achieve remarkable generalization performances while interpolating the training data perfectly. Rather than the U-curve emblematic of the bias-variance trade-off, their test error often follows a "double descent" -…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Stéphane d'Ascoli , Maria Refinetti , Giulio Biroli , Florent Krzakala

Transfer learning is a key component of modern machine learning, enhancing the performance of target tasks by leveraging diverse data sources. Simultaneously, overparameterized models such as the minimum-$\ell_2$-norm interpolator (MNI) in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-19 Yeichan Kim , Ilmun Kim , Seyoung Park

Although numerous methods to reduce the overfitting of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) exist, it is still not clear how to confidently measure the degree of overfitting. A metric reflecting the overfitting level might be, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Svetlana Pavlitskaya , Joël Oswald , J. Marius Zöllner

Uncertainty quantification is a central challenge in reliable and trustworthy machine learning. Naive measures such as last-layer scores are well-known to yield overconfident estimates in the context of overparametrized neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Lucas Clarté , Bruno Loureiro , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

Overparameterized neural networks (NNs) are observed to generalize well even when trained to perfectly fit noisy data. This phenomenon motivated a large body of work on "benign overfitting", where interpolating predictors achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Guy Kornowski , Gilad Yehudai , Ohad Shamir

Despite the empirical advances of deep learning across a variety of learning tasks, our theoretical understanding of its success is still very restricted. One of the key challenges is the overparametrized nature of modern models, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Sotiris Anagnostidis , Gregor Bachmann , Lorenzo Noci , Thomas Hofmann

The relationship between the number of training data points, the number of parameters, and the generalization capabilities of models has been widely studied. Previous work has shown that double descent can occur in the over-parameterized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-28 Xinyue Li , Rishi Sonthalia

Modern machine learning classifiers often exhibit vanishing classification error on the training set. They achieve this by learning nonlinear representations of the inputs that maps the data into linearly separable classes. Motivated by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Andrea Montanari , Feng Ruan , Youngtak Sohn , Jun Yan

Understanding how feature learning affects generalization is among the foremost goals of modern deep learning theory. Here, we study how the ability to learn representations affects the generalization performance of a simple class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth , William L. Tong , Cengiz Pehlevan

Increasing the size of overparameterized neural networks has been a key in achieving state-of-the-art performance. This is captured by the double descent phenomenon, where the test loss follows a decreasing-increasing-decreasing pattern (or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yihao Xue , Kyle Whitecross , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Recently, the benefit of heavily overparameterized models has been observed in machine learning tasks: models with enough capacity to easily cross the \emph{interpolation threshold} improve in generalization error compared to the classical…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-03 Matthias Vigl , Lukas Heinrich

The double descent phenomenon, which deviates from the traditional bias-variance trade-off theory, attracts considerable research attention; however, the mechanism of its occurrence is not fully understood. On the other hand, in the study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Shun Iwase , Shuya Takahashi , Nakamasa Inoue , Rio Yokota , Ryo Nakamura , Hirokatsu Kataoka

Catastrophic overfitting is a phenomenon observed during Adversarial Training (AT) with the Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) where the test robustness steeply declines over just one epoch in the training stage. Prior work has attributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Varun Sivashankar , Nikil Selvam

This paper studies linear overparameterized models in economic forecasting and highlights that including noise variables (regressors with no predictive power) regularizes the estimator. We consider a setting where both the outcome variable…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-16 Yuan Liao , Xinjie Ma , Andreas Neuhierl , Zhentao Shi

Despite the importance of denoising in modern machine learning and ample empirical work on supervised denoising, its theoretical understanding is still relatively scarce. One concern about studying supervised denoising is that one might not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Chinmaya Kausik , Kashvi Srivastava , Rishi Sonthalia