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Topological photonics enables robust light manipulation with third-order optical nonlinearity, yet integrating second-order optical nonlinearity into a topological system faces fundamental challenges: frequency-dependent topological…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-30 Ruoyu Wang , Yiming Pan , Xiaoqin Shen

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a quintessential probe of inversion symmetry breaking in condensed matter. While perturbative $\chi^{(2)}$ processes are well-documented, the nonperturbative regime under intense driving remains largely…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-08 Keisuke Kitayama , Masao Ogata

The solid-state harmonic generation (SSHG) derives from photocurrent coherence. The crystal symmetry, including point-group symmetry and time-reversal symmetry, constrains the amplitude and phase of the photocurrent, thus manipulates the…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-17 Chen Qian , Shicheng Jiang , Tong Wu , Hongming Weng , Chao Yu , Ruifeng Lu

Since de discovery of graphene, the family of 2-dimensional materials has attracted much recent attention. In this work, the nonlinear optical properties of few-layer MoS2 two-dimensional crystals are studied using femtosecond laser pulses.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-06-20 Leandro M. Malard , Thonimar V. Alencar , Ana Paula M. Barboza , Kin Fai Mak , Ana M. de Paula

We demonstrate a simple and scalable approach to increase conversion efficiencies of nonlinear metasurfaces by incorporating them into multipass cells and by letting the pump beam to interact with the metasurfaces multiple times. We…

We report optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) in reflection from GaSe crystals of 1 to more than 100 layers using a fundamental picosecond pulsed pump at 1.58 eV and a supercontinuum white light pulsed laser with energies ranging from…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-10 Yanhao Tang , Krishna C. Mandal , John A. McGuire , Chih Wei Lai

High-harmonic generation (HHG) in solids has typically been explored in transparent dielectrics and semiconductors. Metals have long been dismissed due to their strong reflectivity at infrared wavelengths. Here, we demonstrate HHG from…

The random laser action with coherent feedback by second-harmonic generation (SHG) was experimentally demonstrated in this paper. Compared with the conventional random laser action based on photoluminescence effect, which needs strong…

Optics · Physics 2016-11-24 Yanqi Qiao , Yuanlin Zheng , Zengyan Cai , Xianfeng Chen

Recent experiments and calculations in topological semimetals have observed anomalously strong second-order optical nonlinearity, but yet whether the enhancement also occurs at surfaces of topological semimetals in general remains an open…

Highly nonlinear optical phenomena can provide access to properties of electronic systems which are otherwise difficult to access through conventional linear optical spectroscopies. In particular, high harmonic generation (HHG) in…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-28 K. Uchida , V. Pareek , K. Nagai , K. M. Dani , K. Tanaka

High-harmonic generation (HHG) in two-dimensional materials offers a compelling route toward compact extreme ultraviolet sources and probing electron dynamics on the attosecond scale. However, achieving precise control over the emission and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Zhenjiang Zhao , Zhihua Zheng , Zhiyi Xu , Xing Ran , Xiaolong Yao , Fangping Ouyang

We report a coherent layer-by-layer high-order harmonic generation (HHG) build-up in artificially stacked transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) crystals in their various stacking configurations. In the experiments, millimeter-sized single…

The notion of spontaneous symmetry breaking has been used to describe phase transitions in a variety of physical systems. In crystalline solids, the breaking of certain symmetries, such as mirror symmetry, is difficult to detect…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-01 Bryan T. Fichera , Anshul Kogar , Linda Ye , Bilal Gökce , Alfred Zong , Joseph G. Checkelsky , Nuh Gedik

We theoretically predict efficient optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) from a few hundred nanometer thick slab consisting of a quadratic nonlinear anisotropic medium whose linear principal permittivities are, at the fundamental…

Optics · Physics 2011-03-16 Alessandro Ciattoni

Optical second harmonic generation is a second-order nonlinear process that combines two photons of a given frequency into a third photon at twice the frequency. Due to the symmetry constraints, it is widely used as a sensitive probe to…

An optical Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) allows to probe various structural and symmetry-related properties of materials, since it is sensitive to the inversion symmetry breaking in the system. Here, we investigate the SHG response from…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-08 M. Vandelli , M. I. Katsnelson , E. A. Stepanov

Boosting nonlinear frequency conversion in extremely confined volumes remains a key challenge in nano-optics, nanomedicine, photocatalysis, and background-free biosensing. To this aim, field enhancements in plasmonic nanostructures are…

Two-dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) are of great interest for second harmonic (SH) generation due to their large second-order susceptibility, atomically thin structure, and relaxed phase-matching conditions. TMDs are…

Nonreciprocal devices that allow the light propagation in only one direction are indispensable in photonic circuits and emerging quantum technologies. Contemporary optical isolators and circulators, however, require large size or strong…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-12 Shingo Toyoda , Manfred Fiebig , Taka-hisa Arima , Yoshinori Tokura , Naoki Ogawa

Optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) enables orientational polarimetry for crystallographic analysis and domain imaging of various materials. However, conventional intensity polarimetry, which neglects phase information, fails to…