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Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods are a class of efficient iterative methods that aim to combine data fidelity terms and deep denoisers using classical optimization algorithms, such as ISTA or ADMM, with applications in inverse problems and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Hong Ye Tan , Subhadip Mukherjee , Junqi Tang , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization offers a framework for model fitting in machine learning under potential shifts in the data distribution. We study a regularized variant of this problem in which entropic smoothing produces a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Tam Le

Suppose we are given two metric spaces and a family of continuous transformations from one to the other. Given a probability distribution on each of these two spaces - namely the source and the target measures - the Wasserstein alignment…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Soumik Pal , Bodhisattva Sen , Ting-Kam Leonard Wong

A wide array of machine learning problems are formulated as the minimization of the expectation of a convex loss function on some parameter space. Since the probability distribution of the data of interest is usually unknown, it is is often…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-27 Emilie Chouzenoux , Henri Gérard , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

In this paper, we propose two algorithms for solving linear inverse problems when the observations are corrupted by Poisson noise. A proper data fidelity term (log-likelihood) is introduced to reflect the Poisson statistics of the noise. On…

Applications · Statistics 2011-03-14 François-Xavier Dupé , Jalal Fadili , Jean-Luc Starck

Plug-and-play priors (PnP) is a methodology for regularized image reconstruction that specifies the prior through an image denoiser. While PnP algorithms are well understood for denoisers performing maximum a posteriori probability (MAP)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-26 Xiaojian Xu , Yu Sun , Jiaming Liu , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Plug-and-play priors (PnP) is a broadly applicable methodology for solving inverse problems by exploiting statistical priors specified as denoisers. Recent work has reported the state-of-the-art performance of PnP algorithms using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Yu Sun , Zihui Wu , Xiaojian Xu , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Estimating a vector $\mathbf{x}$ from noisy linear measurements $\mathbf{Ax}+\mathbf{w}$ often requires use of prior knowledge or structural constraints on $\mathbf{x}$ for accurate reconstruction. Several recent works have considered…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Alyson K. Fletcher , Sundeep Rangan , Subrata Sarkar , Philip Schniter

Since the seminal work of Venkatakrishnan et al. in 2013, Plug & Play (PnP) methods have become ubiquitous in Bayesian imaging. These methods derive Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) or Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimators for inverse…

Non-uniqueness and instability are characteristic features of image reconstruction processes. As a result, it is necessary to develop regularization methods that can be used to compute reliable approximate solutions. A regularization method…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-16 Andrea Ebner , Markus Haltmeier

We consider stochastic programs where the distribution of the uncertain parameters is only observable through a finite training dataset. Using the Wasserstein metric, we construct a ball in the space of (multivariate and non-discrete)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-14 Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , Daniel Kuhn

The use of denoisers for image reconstruction has shown significant potential, especially for the Plug-and-Play (PnP) framework. In PnP, a powerful denoiser is used as an implicit regularizer in proximal algorithms such as ISTA and ADMM.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Arghya Sinha , Bhartendu Kumar , Chirayu D. Athalye , Kunal N. Chaudhury

Reconstruction of signals from undersampled and noisy measurements is a topic of considerable interest. Sharpness conditions directly control the recovery performance of restart schemes for first-order methods without the need for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Matthew J. Colbrook

We propose a general deep plug-and-play (PnP) algorithm with a theoretical convergence guarantee. PnP strategies have demonstrated outstanding performance in various image restoration tasks by exploiting the powerful priors underlying…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-19 Yodai Suzuki , Ryosuke Isono , Shunsuke Ono

Poisson-Gaussian noise describes the noise of various imaging systems thus the need of efficient algorithms for Poisson-Gaussian image restoration. Deep learning methods offer state-of-the-art performance but often require sensor-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Maud Biquard , Marie Chabert , Florence Genin , Christophe Latry , Thomas Oberlin

Data unfolding -- the removal of noise or artifacts from measurements -- is a fundamental task across the experimental sciences. Of particular interest are applications in physics, where the dominant approach is Richardson-Lucy (RL)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Katy Craig , Benjamin Faktor , Benjamin Nachman

Inverse problems in image processing are typically cast as optimization tasks, consisting of data-fidelity and stabilizing regularization terms. A recent regularization strategy of great interest utilizes the power of denoising engines. Two…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-30 Regev Cohen , Michael Elad , Peyman Milanfar

Neural networks have emerged as effective tools for solving ill-posed inverse problems. In many scientific applications, however, observational training data are insufficient, and learned inverse operators must instead be trained on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Sandra R. Babyale , Jodi Mead

The plug-and-play (PnP) method uses a deep denoiser within a proximal algorithm for model-based image reconstruction (IR). Unlike end-to-end IR, PnP allows the same pretrained denoiser to be used across different imaging tasks, without the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Arghya Sinha , Trishit Mukherjee , Kunal N. Chaudhury

In this work, we train conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial networks to effectively sample from the posterior of physics-based Bayesian inference problems. The generator is constructed using a U-Net architecture, with the latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-21 Deep Ray , Harisankar Ramaswamy , Dhruv V. Patel , Assad A. Oberai