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Gradient-based optimization algorithms can be studied from the perspective of limiting ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Motivated by the fact that existing ODEs do not distinguish between two fundamentally different…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Bin Shi , Simon S. Du , Michael I. Jordan , Weijie J. Su

This paper proposes a locally differentially private federated learning algorithm for strongly convex but possibly nonsmooth problems that protects the gradients of each worker against an honest but curious server. The proposed algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jiaojiao Zhang , Dominik Fay , Mikael Johansson

Differential privacy (DP) offers a robust framework for safeguarding individual data privacy. To utilize DP in training modern machine learning models, differentially private optimizers have been widely used in recent years. A popular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Xinwei Zhang , Zhiqi Bu , Borja Balle , Mingyi Hong , Meisam Razaviyayn , Vahab Mirrokni

In this paper, we try to uncover the second-order essence of several first-order optimization methods. For Nesterov Accelerated Gradient, we rigorously prove that the algorithm makes use of the difference between past and current gradients,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Yuzheng Hu , Licong Lin , Shange Tang

In this paper we deal with a general second order continuous dynamical system associated to a convex minimization problem with a Fr\`echet differentiable objective function. We show that inertial algorithms, such as Nesterov's algorithm,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Cristian Daniel Alecsa , Szilárd Csaba László , Titus Pinţa

In this work, we investigate a second-order dynamical system with Hessian-driven damping tailored for a class of nonconvex functions called strongly quasiconvex. Buil\-ding upon this continuous-time model, we derive two discrete-time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-19 N. Hadjisavvas , F. Lara , R. T. Marcavillaca , P. T. Vuong

We introduce new optimized first-order methods for smooth unconstrained convex minimization. Drori and Teboulle recently described a numerical method for computing the $N$-iteration optimal step coefficients in a class of first-order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-14 Donghwan Kim , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Despite their frequent slow convergence, proximal gradient schemes are widely used in large-scale optimization tasks due to their tremendous stability, scalability, and ease of computation. In this paper, we develop and investigate a…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-19 Nicholas C. Henderson , Ravi Varadhan

We present differentially private (DP) algorithms for bilevel optimization, a problem class that received significant attention lately in various machine learning applications. These are the first algorithms for such problems under standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Guy Kornowski

Distributed aggregative optimization underpins many cooperative optimization and multi-agent control systems, where each agent's objective function depends both on its local optimization variable and an aggregate of all agents' optimization…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-30 Ziqin Chen , Yongqiang Wang

In this brief, we present an enhanced privacy-preserving distributed estimation algorithm, referred to as the ``Double-Private Algorithm," which combines the principles of both differential privacy (DP) and cryptography. The proposed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-19 Mehdi Korki , Fatemehsadat Hosseiniamin , Hadi Zayyani , Mehdi Bekrani

We use differential equations based approaches to provide some {\it \textbf{physics}} insights into analyzing the dynamics of popular optimization algorithms in machine learning. In particular, we study gradient descent, proximal gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Lin F. Yang , R. Arora , V. Braverman , Tuo Zhao

Randomized-subspace methods reduce the cost of first-order optimization by using only low-dimensional projected-gradient information, a feature that is attractive in forward-mode automatic differentiation and communication-limited settings.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Gaku Omiya , Pierre-Louis Poirion , Akiko Takeda

The spherical noise added to gradients in differentially private (DP) training undermines the performance of adaptive optimizers like AdaGrad and Adam, and hence many recent works have proposed algorithms to address this challenge. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Arun Ganesh , Brendan McMahan , Abhradeep Thakurta

A novel dynamical inertial Newton system, which is called Hessian-driven Nesterov accelerated gradient (H-NAG) flow is proposed. Convergence of the continuous trajectory are established via tailored Lyapunov function, and new first-order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-25 Long Chen , Hao Luo

Developing a differentially private deep learning algorithm is challenging, due to the difficulty in analyzing the sensitivity of objective functions that are typically used to train deep neural networks. Many existing methods resort to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Frederik Harder , Jonas Köhler , Max Welling , Mijung Park

We develop simple differentially private optimization algorithms that move along directions of (expected) descent to find an approximate second-order solution for nonconvex ERM. We use line search, mini-batching, and a two-phase strategy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Changyu Gao , Stephen J. Wright

This work proposes an accelerated first-order algorithm we call the Robust Momentum Method for optimizing smooth strongly convex functions. The algorithm has a single scalar parameter that can be tuned to trade off robustness to gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-27 Saman Cyrus , Bin Hu , Bryan Van Scoy , Laurent Lessard

We derive a second-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) which is the limit of Nesterov's accelerated gradient method. This ODE exhibits approximate equivalence to Nesterov's scheme and thus can serve as a tool for analysis. We show…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-29 Weijie Su , Stephen Boyd , Emmanuel J. Candes

In this paper, we investigate the problem of differentially private distributed optimization. Recognizing that lower sensitivity leads to higher accuracy, we analyze the key factors influencing the sensitivity of differentially private…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Furan Xie , Bing Liu , Li Chai