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Pulsars are known to be efficient accelerators that produce copious amounts of relativistic particles and inject them into the Galactic medium. The radiation emitted by such a pulsar wind can be seen from radio through gamma-rays as a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Oleg Kargaltsev , George Pavlov

The young energetic pulsar J1747-2958 ($\tau=26$ kyr, $\dot{E}=2.5\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$) powers the Mouse pulsar wind nebula (PWN), famous for its spectacular tail spanning 45$"$ in X-rays and 12$'$ in radio ($d\sim5$ kpc). We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-11 Noel Klingler , Oleg Kargaltsev , George G. Pavlov , C. -Y. Ng , Paz Beniamini , Igor Volkov

The evolution of pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) influences how high energy particles in the vicinity are generated and transport. The Vela PWN (only $\sim300$\,pc away), provides a rather rare case between young and well-evolved systems. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Yihan Liu , Yu Zhang , C. -Y. Ng , Zijian Qiu , Sujie Lin , Lili Yang

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) constitute the largest population of Galactic very-high-energy (VHE; $E > 100$ GeV) $\gamma$-ray sources and are key laboratories for studying particle acceleration and pulsar--supernova remnant (SNR)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-18 A. De Sarkar , D. F. Torres , B. Olmi , N. Bucciantini , D. M. -A. Meyer

The high resolution capabilities of the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) introduced a new era in Gamma-Ray Astronomy, and opens a new window on pulsar wind nebula (PWN) research. A rotationally induced jet (associated with PSR…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ocker C. de Jager

It is generally believed that pulsars dissipate their rotational energy through powerful winds of relativistic particles. Confinement of these winds leads to the formation of luminous pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) seen across the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Ester Aliu

We report on Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) observations of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) associated with PSR B0355+54 (eight observations with a 395 ks total exposure, performed over an 8 month period). We investigated the spatial and…

In a Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN), the lifetime of inverse Compton emitting electrons exceeds the lifetime of its progenitor pulsar, but it exceeds also the age of the electrons that emit via synchrotron radiation; i.e. while the PWN grows…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 O. Tibolla , K. Mannheim , S. Kaufmann , D. Elsässer

A consensus has been reached in recent years that binarity plays an important role in the formation and evolution of a significant fraction of planetary nebulae (PNe). Utilizing the archived photometric data from the Zwicky Transient…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-13 Pinjian Chen , Xuan Fang , Xiaodian Chen , Jifeng Liu

Pulsars and their pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are unique laboratories for extreme astrophysical processes. This dissertation combines Fermi-LAT observations with a time-dependent leptonic PWN model (TIDE) to explore their gamma-ray emission.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-17 Wei Zhang

Several Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) have been detected in the TeV band in the last decade.The TeV emission is typically interpreted in a purely leptonic scenario, but this usually requires that the magnetic field in the Nebula be much lower…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-22 Irene Di Palma , Dafne Guetta , Elena Amato

I outline, from a theoretical and somewhat personal perspective, significant features of Pulsar Wind Nebulae as Cosmic Accelerators. I discuss recent studies of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe). I pay special attention to the recently discovered…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-08-30 Jonathan Arons

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) produced from supersonic runaway pulsars can render extended X-ray structures in the form of tails and prominent jets. In this Letter we report on the analysis of $\sim$130 ks observations of the PWN around…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-16 Pol Bordas , Xiying Zhang

We report on an observation of the Vela-like pulsar B1823-13 and its synchrotron nebula with Chandra.The pulsar's spectrum fits a power-law model with a photon index Gamma_PSR=2.4 for the plausible hydrogen column density n_H=10^{22}…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. G. Pavlov , O. Kargaltsev , W. F. Brisken

We present the first detection of GeV $\gamma$-ray emission potentially associated with the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) hosted by the young core-collapse supernova remnant G292.0+1.8, based on a detailed time-resolved analysis of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-29 A. Lemière , G. Castelletti , N. L. Maza

We present observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by the energetic young pulsar B1509-58. These data confirm the complicated morphology of the system indicated by previous observations, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. M. Gaensler , J. Arons , V. M. Kaspi , M. J. Pivovaroff , N. Kawai , K. Tamura

In this review we describe recent observational and theoretical developments in our understanding of pulsar winds and pulsar-wind nebulae (PWNe). We put special emphasis on the results from observations of well-characterized PWNe of various…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-08-03 Oleg Kargaltsev , Benoit Cerutti , Yuri Lyubarsky , Edoardo Striani

We report on a 19 ks observation of the pulsar J1016-5857 with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. This "Vela-like" pulsar has rotation period 107 ms, characteristic age 21 kyr, and spin-down power 2.6e36 ergs/s. A relatively bright centrally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 F. Camilo , B. M. Gaensler , E. V. Gotthelf , J. P. Halpern , R. N. Manchester

Planetary nebulae (PNe) are an exciting addition to the zoo of X-ray sources. Recent Chandra and XMM-Newton observations have detected diffuse X-ray emission from shocked fast winds in PN interiors as well as bow-shocks of fast collimated…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. Guerrero , Y. -H. Chu , R. A. Gruendl

We report on the analysis of a deep Chandra observation of the high-magnetic field pulsar (PSR) J1119-6127 and its compact pulsar wind nebula (PWN) taken in October 2019, three years after the source went into outburst. The 0.5-7 keV…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-25 Harsha Blumer , Samar Safi-Harb , Alice Borghese , Jonatan Martín , Maura A. McLaughlin , Diego F. Torres , George Younes