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In a recent paper, we analyzed the self-assembly of a complex cooperation network. The network was shown to approach a state where every agent invests the same amount of resources. Nevertheless, highly-connected agents arise that extract…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-03-07 Anne-Ly Do , Lars Rudolf , Thilo Gross

The evolutionary mechanisms of cooperative behavior represent a fundamental topic in complex systems and evolutionary dynamics. Real-world collective interactions, particularly in multi-agent systems, are often characterized by…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-02-23 Yishen Jiang , Xin Wang , Wenqiang Zhu , Ming Wei , Longzhao Liu , Shaoting Tang , Hongwei Zheng

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently achieved tremendous successes in many artificial intelligence applications. Many of the forefront applications of RL involve multiple agents, e.g., playing chess and Go games, autonomous driving, and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Asuman Ozdaglar , Muhammed O. Sayin , Kaiqing Zhang

Recent research in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has shown success in learning social behavior and cooperation. Social dilemmas between agents in mixed-sum settings have been studied extensively, but there is little research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Ram Rachum , Yonatan Nakar , Reuth Mirsky

Different models to study the wealth distribution in an artificial society have considered a transactional dynamics as the driving force. Those models include a risk aversion factor, but also a finite probability of favoring the poorer…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 M. A. Fuentes , M. N. Kuperman , J. R. Iglesias

In this paper I present several algorithmic techniques for improving the decision process of multiple types of agents behaving in environments where their interests are in conflict. The interactions between the agents are modelled by using…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2009-08-04 Mugurel Ionut Andreica

One of the fundamental principles driving diversity or homogeneity in domains such as cultural differentiation, political affiliation, and product adoption is the tension between two forces: influence (the tendency of people to become…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-28 David Kempe , Jon Kleinberg , Sigal Oren , Aleksandrs Slivkins

It is well-known that acting in an individually rational manner, according to the principles of classical game theory, may lead to sub-optimal solutions in a class of problems named social dilemmas. In contrast, humans generally do not have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Steven de Jong , Simon Uyttendaele , Karl Tuyls

In order for artificial agents to coordinate effectively with people, they must act consistently with existing conventions (e.g. how to navigate in traffic, which language to speak, or how to coordinate with teammates). A group's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Adam Lerer , Alexander Peysakhovich

Repeated interaction between individuals is the main mechanism for maintaining cooperation in social dilemma situations. Variants of tit-for-tat (repeating the previous action of the opponent) and the win-stay lose-shift strategy are known…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-11-08 Shoma Tanabe , Naoki Masuda

A multiagent system is a society of autonomous agents whose interactions can be regulated via social norms. In general, the norms of a society are not hardcoded but emerge from the agents' interactions. Specifically, how the agents in a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Sz-Ting Tzeng , Nirav Ajmeri , Munindar P. Singh

In repeated interactions between individuals, we do not expect that exactly the same situation will occur from one time to another. Contrary to what is common in models of repeated games in the literature, most real situations may differ a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Anders Eriksson , Kristian Lindgren

As agentic AI becomes more widespread, agents with distinct and possibly conflicting goals will interact in complex ways. These multi-agent interactions pose a fundamental challenge, particularly in social dilemmas, where agents' individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dereck Piche , Mohammed Muqeeth , Milad Aghajohari , Juan Duque , Michael Noukhovitch , Aaron Courville

Cooperation is fundamental in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often requiring agents to balance individual gains with collective rewards. In this regard, this paper aims to investigate strategies to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vaigarai Sathi , Sabahat Shaik , Jaswanth Nidamanuri

Model predictive control strategies require to solve in an sequential manner, many, possibly non-convex, optimization problems. In this work, we propose an interacting stochastic agent system to solve those problems. The agents evolve in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Giacomo Borghi , Michael Herty

Organisms from microbes to humans engage in a variety of social behaviors, which affect fitness in complex, often nonlinear ways. The question of how these behaviors evolve has consequences ranging from antibiotic resistance to human…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-17 Benjamin Allen , Abdur-Rahman Khwaja , James L. Donahue , Cassidy Lattanzio , Yulia A. Dementieva , Christine Sample

It is well known that reinforcement learning can be cast as inference in an appropriate probabilistic model. However, this commonly involves introducing a distribution over agent trajectories with probabilities proportional to exponentiated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-07 David Tolpin , Tomer Dobkin

Cooperation between self-interested individuals is a widespread phenomenon in the natural world, but remains elusive in interactions between artificially intelligent agents. Instead, naive reinforcement learning algorithms typically…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-16 John L. Zhou , Weizhe Hong , Jonathan C. Kao

Two main procedures characterize the way in which social actors evaluate the qualities of the options in decision-making processes: they either seek to evaluate their intrinsic qualities (individual learners), or they rely on the opinion of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-31 Arkadiusz Jędrzejewski , Laura Hernández

In this work we study a weak Prisoner\^as Dilemma game in which both strategies and update rules are subjected to evolutionary pressure. Interactions among agents are specified by complex topologies, and we consider both homogeneous and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-11-13 A. Cardillo , J. Gomez-Gardenes , D. Vilone , A. Sanchez