Related papers: Generalized 331 models
We carry a systematic study of possible models based on the local gauge group SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X. Old and new models emerge from the analysis.
We consider generalizations of the standard model (SM) which are based on the gauge symmetry $SU(n)_c\otimes SU(m)_L\otimes U(1)_N$. Although the most interesting possibilities occur when $n=3$, we will consider also the cases $n=4,5$ both…
Six different models, straightforward extensions of the standard model to SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X, which do not contain particles with exotic electric charges are described. Two of the models are one family and four are three family…
We review in a systematic way how anomaly free $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_x$ models without exotic electric charges can be constructed, using as basis closed sets of fermions which includes each one the particles and antiparticles…
We carry a systematic study of possible extensions of the standard model based on the gauge group SU(3)_c X SU(4)_L X U(1)_X. We consider both models with particles with exotic electric charges and models which do not contain exotic…
We present an extension of the Standard Model to the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(4)_L\otimes U(1)_X$ with a family non-universal treatment and anomalies canceled among the three families in a nontrivial fashion. The mass scales,…
We consider the possibility of grand unification of the $\mathrm{ SU(3)_c \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes U(1)_X}$ model in an SU(6) gauge unification group. Two possibilities arise. Unlike other conventional grand unified theories, in SU(6) one…
An extension of the Standard Model to the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(4)_L\otimes U(1)_X$ as a three-family model is presented. The model does not contain exotic electric charges and we obtain a consistent mass spectrum by…
This article reviews the theoretical constraints on the scalar potential of a general extension of the Standard Model that encompasses a $SU(3)_c\times SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry. In this respect, the boundedness-from-below is…
We construct anomaly-free $U(1)_1\times U(1)_2\times...\times U(1)_m$ gauge extensions of the Standard Model. To perform this construction we put together anomaly-free $U(1)$ extensions of one and two families of fermions. The availability…
Different models based on the extended $SU(3)_{C}\times SU(3)_{L}\times U(1)_{X}$ (331) gauge group have been proposed over the past four decades. Yet, despite being an active research topic, the status of lepton number in 331 models has…
There are different models based on the gauge symmetry $SU(3)_C \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes U(1)_X$ (331) some of them includes exotic particles and others are constructed without any exotic charges assigned to the fermionic spectrum. Each…
These lectures provide an introduction to the basic aspects of the Standard Model, $SU(3)_{C} \times SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$.
We discuss the most relevant features of a BSM model with extra gauge symmetry, the so called 331 model. The gauge group is $SU(3)_c\times SU(3)_L \times U(1)_X$ impling the presence of extra gauge bosons, both charged and neutral, as well…
We consider the possibility of gauge coupling unification within the simplest realizations of the $\mathrm{SU(3)_c \times SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_R \times U(1)_{X}}$ gauge theory. We present a first exploration of the renormalization group…
The work is a brief review of the theory based on the $SU(3)_c \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes U(1)_X$ gauge group in the presence of Heavy Leptons. Recent analysis have established a set of four possible variants for the 3-3-1HL, whose content…
A possible generalization of the technique of the standard model to $SU(n)\otimes U(1)$ gauge models is proposed. A special Higgs mechanism and a new kind of Yukawa couplings in unitary gauge are introduced. These allow us to obtain a…
In the context of the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$, we look for possible four family models, where all the particles carry ordinary electric charges. Thirteen different anomaly-free fermion structures emerge, out…
We study the five dimensional SU(3)_c \times SU(3)_L \times U(1)_X gauge theory (3-3-1 Model) in which the gauge symmetry is broken down through orbifold compactification to four dimensions. The new model has several distinguishing features…
We explore the recently proposed gauge symmetry \( SU(3)_C \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes SU(3)_R \otimes U(1)_X \), which naturally embeds both the Left-Right symmetric model and the 3-3-1 model as subgroups. Within this unified framework, we…