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The wave effect in the gravitational lensing phenomenon by a straight cosmic string is investigated. The interference pattern is expressed in terms of a simple formula. We demonstrate that modulations of the interfered wave amplitude can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kazuhiro Yamamoto , Keiji Tsunoda

Gravitational lensing by gravitational wave is considered. We notice that although final and initial direction of photons coincide, displacement between final and initial trajectories occurs. This displacement is calculated analytically for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-01-31 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan , O. Yu. Tsupko

When gravitational waves propagate near massive objects, their paths curve resulting in gravitational lensing, which is expected to be a promising new instrument in astrophysics. If the time delay between different paths is comparable with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-14 Oleg Bulashenko , Helena Ubach

Dark matter caustics have specific density profiles and, therefore, precisely calculable gravitational lensing properties. We present a formalism which simplifies the relevant calculations, and apply it to four specific cases. In the first…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. Charmousis , V. Onemli , Z. Qiu , P. Sikivie

Gravitational waves (GWs) offer a new observational window into the universe, providing insights into compact objects and cosmic structures. Gravitational lensing, commonly studied in electromagnetic waves, also affects GWs, introducing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-25 Xing-Yu Yang , Tan Chen , Rong-Gen Cai

We consider a situation in which light emitted from the neighborhood of a binary interacts with gravitational waves from the binary (e.g., a supermassive black hole binary in a quasar, a binary pulsar, etc.). The effect is cumulative over…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-20 Dong-Hoon Kim

When the gravitational lensing potential can be approximated by that of circularly symmetric system affected by weak perturbations, it is found that the shape of the resulting (tangential) caustics is entirely specified by the local…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jin H. An

The last decade has seen an enormous increase of activity in the field of gravitational lensing, mainly driven by improvements of observational capabilities. I will review the basics of gravitational lens theory, just enough to understand…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Peter Schneider

We describe gravitational lensing by a gravitational wave, in the regime in which multiple images of a light source are created. We adapt the vector formalism employed for ordinary gravitational lenses to the case of a non-stationary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Valerio Faraoni

Typically discussed in the context of optics, caustics are envelopes of classical trajectories (rays) where the density of states diverges, resulting in pronounced observable features such as bright points, curves, and extended networks of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2023-06-12 Maren E. Mossman , Thomas M. Bersano , Michael McNeil Forbes , Peter Engels

Singularities of caustics appeared in gravitational lensing effect are discussed analytically. Multipole expansion model of lensing object is mainly studied since it is tractable and universal. Our analyses are confirmed by numerical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Y. Kakigi , T. Okamura , T. Fukuyama

The gravitational lensing of gravitational waves might cause beat patterns detectable by interferometers. The feature of this kind of signal is the existence of the beat pattern in the early inspiral phase, followed by a seemingly randomly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-10 Shaoqi Hou , Xi-Long Fan , Kai Liao , Zong-Hong Zhu

Gravitational wave predicted by General Relativity is the transverse wave of spatial strain. Several gravitational waveform signals from binary black holes and from a binary neutron star system accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-02 Kai Liao , Marek Biesiada , Xi-Long Fan

This is a short and biased review of gravitational lensing with emphasis on the radio and especially VLBI aspects. We briefly explain the basic idea and give a short sketch of the discovery of the first lens, before we more systematically…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-10-11 Olaf Wucknitz

Gravitational-wave astronomy will soon become a new tool for observing the Universe. Detecting and interpreting gravitational waves will require deep theoretical insights into astronomical sources. The past three decades have seen…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-03 Alessandra Buonanno , B. S. Sathyaprakash

The laws of geometric optics and their corrections are derived for scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational waves propagating in generic curved spacetimes. Local peeling-type results are obtained, where different components of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-08 Abraham I. Harte

We show that the self-interactions present in the effective field theory formulation of general relativity can couple gravitational wave modes and generate nonclassical states. The output of gravitational nonlinear processes can also be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Thiago Guerreiro

We revisit the gravitational lensing phenomenon using a new visualization technique. It consists in projecting the observers sky into the source plane, what gives rise to a folded and stretched surface. This provides a clear graphical tool…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 Silvia Mollerach , Esteban Roulet

We investigate binary lenses with $1/r^n$ potentials in the asymmetric case with two lenses with different indexes $n$ and $m$. These kinds of potentials have been widely used in several contexts, ranging from galaxies with halos described…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-31 Valerio Bozza , Silvia Pietroni , Chiara Melchiorre

Despite its mathematical complexity, the multiple gravitational lens can be studied in detail in every situation where a perturbative approach is possible. In this paper, we examine the caustics of a system with a lens very far from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 V. Bozza