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We present a scheme for quantum random-number generation from an untrusted measurement device and a trusted source and demonstrate it experimentally. No assumptions about noise or imperfections in the measurement are required, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Kieran Neil Wilkinson , Casper Ahl Breum , Tobias Gehring , Jonatan Bohr Brask

Quantum correlations between measurements of separated observers are crucial for applications like randomness generation and key distribution. Although device-independent security can be certified with minimal assumptions, current protocols…

Certification of quantum devices received from unknown providers is a primary requirement before utilizing the devices for any information processing task. Here, we establish a protocol for certification of a particular set of $d$-outcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Debarshi Das , Ananda G. Maity , Debashis Saha , A. S. Majumdar

Quantum random number generation (QRNG) is a resource that is a necessity in the field of cryptography. However, its certification has been challenging. In this article, we certify randomness with the aid of quantum entanglement in a device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Vardaan Mongia , Abhishek Kumar , Shashi Prabhakar , Anindya Banerji , R. P. Singh

Detection of entanglement in quantum networks consisting of many parties is one of the important steps towards building quantum communication and computation networks. We consider a scenario where the measurement devices used for this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-03 Ivan Šupić , Paul Skrzypczyk , Daniel Cavalcanti

Certification of quantum systems and their properties has become a field of intensive studies. Here, taking advantage of the one-sided device-independent scenario (known also as quantum steering scenario), we propose a self-testing scheme…

The generation of certifiable randomness is the most fundamental information-theoretic task that meaningfully separates quantum devices from their classical counterparts. We propose a protocol for exponential certified randomness expansion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-14 Matthew Coudron , Jalex Stark , Thomas Vidick

Randomness is a central feature of quantum mechanics and an invaluable resource for both classical and quantum technologies. Commonly, in Device-Independent and Semi-Device-Independent scenarios, randomness is certified using projective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Marco Avesani , Hamid Tebyanian , Paolo Villoresi , Giuseppe Vallone

Randomness is a fundamental feature in nature and a valuable resource for applications ranging from cryptography and gambling to numerical simulation of physical and biological systems. Random numbers, however, are difficult to characterize…

One of the striking properties of quantum mechanics is the occurrence of the Bell-type non-locality. They are a fundamental feature of the theory that allows two parties that share an entangled quantum system to observe correlations…

Certified randomness guaranteed to be unpredictable by adversaries is central to information security. The fundamental randomness inherent in quantum physics makes certification possible from devices that are only weakly characterised, i.e.…

We propose an application for near-term quantum devices: namely, generating cryptographically certified random bits, to use (for example) in proof-of-stake cryptocurrencies. Our protocol repurposes the existing "quantum supremacy"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Scott Aaronson , Shih-Han Hung

Randomness is an indispensable resource in modern science and information technology. Fortunately, an experimentally simple procedure exists to generate randomness with well-characterized devices: measuring a quantum system in a basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Le Phuc Thinh , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Eduardo Martin-Martinez

In recent decades, quantum technologies have made significant strides toward achieving quantum utility. However, practical applications are hindered by challenges related to scaling the number of qubits and the depth of circuits. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Pingal Pratyush Nath , Aninda Sinha , Urbasi Sinha

Quantum communication with systems of dimension larger than two provides advantages in information processing tasks. Examples include higher rates of key distribution and random number generation. The main disadvantage of using such…

While it has recently been demonstrated how to certify the maximal amount of randomness from any pure two-qubit entangled state in a device-independent way [E. Woodhead et al., Phys. Rev. Research 2, 042028(R)(2020)], the problem of optimal…

Device-independent quantum information is attracting significant attention, particularly for its applications in information security. This interest arises because the security of device-independent protocols relies solely on the observed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Matteo Padovan , Alessandro Rezzi , Lorenzo Coccia

Authentication of quantum sources is a crucial task in building reliable and efficient protocols for quantum-information processing. Steady progress vis-\`{a}-vis verification of quantum devices in the scenario with fully characterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Aleksandra Gočanin , Ivan Šupić , Borivoje Dakić

Quantum mechanics predicts the existence of intrinsically random processes. Contrary to classical randomness, this lack of predictability can not be attributed to ignorance or lack of control. Here we find the optimal method to quantify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-07 Elsa Passaro , Daniel Cavalcanti , Paul Skrzypczyk , Antonio Acín

The unpredictable process of state collapse caused by quantum measurements makes the generation of quantum randomness possible. In this paper, we explore the quantitive connection between the randomness generation and the state collapse and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Liang-Liang Sun , Xingjian Zhang , Xiang Zhou , Zheng-Da Li , Xiongfeng Ma , Jingyun Fan , Sixia Yu