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Frontier AI development relies on powerful AI supercomputers, yet analysis of these systems is limited. We create a dataset of 500 AI supercomputers from 2019 to 2025 and analyze key trends in performance, power needs, hardware cost,…
The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has accelerated many chaotic processes in modern society, has highlighted in a very serious and urgent way the need to understand complex processes in order to achieve the common well-being.…
Many people think of analog computing as a historic dead-end in computing. In fact, nothing could be further from the truth as analog computing - together with quantum computing - has the potential to bring computing to new levels with…
For the first time in history, we are seeing a branching point in computing paradigms with the emergence of quantum processing units (QPUs). Extracting the full potential of computation and realizing quantum algorithms with a…
The demand for computing is continuing to grow exponentially. This growth will translate to exponential growth in computing's energy consumption unless improvements in its energy-efficiency can outpace increases in its demand. Yet, after…
Computers have a direct impact on our lives nowadays. Human's interaction with the computer has modified with the passage of time as improvement in technology occurred the better the human computer interaction became. Today we are…
There is an ever-growing race between what novel applications demand from the infrastructure and what the continuous technological breakthroughs bring in. Especially after the proliferation of smart devices and diverse IoT requirements, we…
In the "Beyond Moore's Law" era, with increasing edge intelligence, domain-specific computing embracing unconventional approaches will become increasingly prevalent. At the same time, adopting a variety of nanotechnologies will offer…
Emerging Big Data analytics and machine learning applications require a significant amount of computational power. While there exists a plethora of large-scale data processing frameworks which thrive in handling the various complexities of…
The notion of computer capacity was proposed in 2012, and this quantity has been estimated for computers of different kinds. In this paper we show that, when designing new processors, the manufacturers change the parameters that affect the…
The pace of improvement in the performance of conventional computer hardware has slowed significantly during the past decade, largely as a consequence of reaching the physical limits of manufacturing processes. To offset this slowdown, new…
For various reasons including those related to climate changes, {\em energy} has become a critical concern in all relevant activities and technical designs. For the specific case of computer activities, the problem is exacerbated with the…
The energy footprint of global data movement has surpassed 100 terawatt hours, costing more than 20 billion US dollars to the world economy. Depending on the number of switches, routers, and hubs between the source and destination nodes,…
The last two decades have seen an explosive growth in the theory and practice of both quantum computing and machine learning. Modern machine learning systems process huge volumes of data and demand massive computational power. As silicon…
The rapidly increasing size of deep-learning models has caused renewed and growing interest in alternatives to digital computers to dramatically reduce the energy cost of running state-of-the-art neural networks. Optical matrix-vector…
Computer Technology has Revolutionized Science. This has motivated scientists to develop mathematical model to simulate salient features of Physical universe. These models can approximate reality at many levels of scale such as atomic…
Compute, data, and algorithmic advances are the three fundamental factors that guide the progress of modern Machine Learning (ML). In this paper we study trends in the most readily quantified factor - compute. We show that before 2010…
High performance calculation is increasingly used within society. Previously reserved for an elite, based on large computing and storage infrastructures, it is now a core module for many companies. Indeed, high performance calculation makes…
It is undeniable that the worldwide computer industry's center is the US, specifically in Silicon Valley. Much of the reason for the success of Silicon Valley had to do with Moore's Law: the observation by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore that…
Quantum computers, if fully realized, promise to be a revolutionary technology. As a result, quantum computing has become one of the hottest areas of research in the last few years. Much effort is being applied at all levels of the system…