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Fog networks offer computing resources with varying capacities at different distances from end users. A Fog Node (FN) closer to the network edge may have less powerful computing resources compared to the cloud, but processing of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Bartosz Kopras , Bartosz Bossy , Filip Idzikowski , Paweł Kryszkiewicz , Hanna Bogucka

In this survey, we discuss the role of energy in the design of future mobile networks and, in particular, we advocate and elaborate on the use of energy harvesting (EH) hardware as a means to decrease the environmental footprint of 5G…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Nicola Piovesan , Angel Fernandez Gambin , Marco Miozzo , Michele Rossi , Paolo Dini

High data rates, low latencies, and a widespread availability are the key properties why current cellular network technologies are used for many different applications. However, the coexistence of different data traffic types in the same…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Stefan Monhof , Marcus Haferkamp , Benjamin Sliwa , Christian Wietfeld

The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are currently being deployed, and beyond 5G (B5G) networks are expected to be developed over the next decade. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and, in particular, machine…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Cheng-Xiang Wang , Marco Di Renzo , Slawomir Stańczak , Sen Wang , Erik G. Larsson

The widespread adoption of the fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks has brought new opportunities for the development of localization-based services. High-accuracy positioning use cases and functionalities defined by the standards are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Lorenzo Italiano , Bernardo Camajori Tedeschini , Mattia Brambilla , Huiping Huang , Monica Nicoli , Henk Wymeersch

With the development of fifth-generation (5G) networks, the number of user equipments (UE) increases dramatically. However, the potential health risks from electromagnetic fields (EMF) tend to be a public concern. Generally, EMF…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yujie Qin , Mustafa A. Kishk , Ahmed Elzanaty , Luca Chiaraviglio , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The deployment of large-scale software-based 5G core functions presents significant challenges due to their reliance on optimized and intelligent resource provisioning for their services. Many studies have focused on analyzing the impact of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Rodrigo Moreira , Larissa F. Rodrigues Moreira , Flávio de Oliveira Silva

The proliferation of cell-free Massive MIMO represents a transformative shift in wireless network architecture, addressing critical limitations of conventional distributed Massive MIMO systems. This paper presents an intelligent radio…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Valdemar Farré , David Vega , Juan Estrada , Juan A. Vásquez Peralvo , Symeon Chatzinotas

5G is the next-generation cellular network technology, with the goal of meeting the critical demand for bandwidth required to accommodate a high density of users. It employs flexible architectures to accommodate the high density. 5G is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Barak Gahtan

Millimeter wave (mmWave) 5th generation (5G) networks offer high data rates but face coverage challenges due to severe path loss and blockage. These problems motivate the use of Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) as a flexible wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Alessandro Traspadini , Matteo Pagin , Raphaël Ihamouine , Rupert Lucas , Andrew Noren , Michele Zorzi , Marco Giordani

In this article, we introduce a method to optimize 5G massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) connectivity for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) on aerial highways through strategic cell association. UAVs operating in 3D space…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Matteo Bernabe , David Lopez-Perez , Nicola Piovesan , Giovanni Geraci , David Gesbert

We consider a virtualized RAN architecture for 5G networks where the Remote Units are connected to a central unit via a mid-haul. To support high data rates, the midhaul is realized with a Passive Optical Network (PON). In this…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Abhishek Sinha , Matthew Andrews , Prasanth Ananth

Modern 5G wireless cellular networks use massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. This concept entails using an antenna array at a base station to concurrently service many mobile devices that have several antennas on their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Evgeny Bobrov , Boris Chinyaev , Viktor Kuznetsov , Dmitrii Minenkov , Daniil Yudakov

We propose a data-driven approach for large-scale cellular network optimization, using a production cellular network in London as a case study and employing Sionna ray tracing for site-specific channel propagation modeling. We optimize base…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Mohamed Benzaghta , Giovanni Geraci , David López-Pérez , Alvaro Valcarce

Energy efficiency (EE) optimization of millimeter wave (mm-Wave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is emerging as an important challenge for the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems. However, the power of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-03 Kai Chen , Jing Yang , Xiaohu Ge , Yonghui Li , Lin Tian , Jinglin Shi

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network…

6G will connect heterogeneous intelligent agents to make them operate complex cooperative tasks. When connecting intelligence, two main research questions arise to identify how AI and ML models behave depending on: i) their input data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-28 Mattia Merluzzi , Miltiadis C. Filippou , Leonardo Gomes Baltar , Markus D. Muek , Emilio Calvanese Strinati

Network Slicing (NS) is expected to be a key functionality of the upcoming 5G systems. Coupled with Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV),NS will enable a flexible deployment of Network Functions…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-04 J. Prados , A. Laghrissi , M. Bagaa , T. Taleb

Energy Efficiency (EE) is a big issue in 5th Generation Wireless Communications (5G) on condition that the number of access User Equipments (UEs) are exploding and more antennas should be equipped in one Base Station (BS). In EE studies,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Di Zhang , Zhenyu Zhou , Keping Yu , Takuro Sato

Next generation (5G) wireless networks are expected to support the massive data and accommodate a wide range of services/use cases with distinct requirements in a cost-effective, flexible, and agile manner. As a promising solution, wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-04-06 Ning Zhang , Peng Yang , Shan Zhang , Dajiang Chen , Weihua Zhuang , Ben Liang , Xuemin , Shen