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A $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric, non-Hermitian Hamiltonian in the $\mathcal{PT}$-unbroken regime can lead to unitary dynamics under the appropriate choice of the Hilbert space. The Hilbert space is determined by a Hamiltonian-compatible inner…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Himanshu Badhani , Subhashish Banerjee , C. M. Chandrashekar

The dynamics generated by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are often less intuitive than those of conventional Hermitian systems. Even for models as simple as a complexified harmonic oscillator, the dynamics for generic initial states shows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Katherine Holmes , Wasim Rehman , Simon Malzard , Eva-Maria Graefe

Recently Bender, Brody, Jones and Meister found that in the quantum brachistochrone problem the passage time needed for the evolution of certain initial states into specified final states can be made arbitrarily small, when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Paulo E. G. Assis , Andreas Fring

The concept of parity-time (PT) symmetry originates from the framework of quantum mechanics, where if the Hamiltonian operator satisfies the commutation relation with the parity and time operators, it shows all real eigen-energy spectrum.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Wei-Chao Gao , Chao Zheng , Lu Liu , Tiejun Wang , Chuan Wang

PT-symmetric Hamiltonians and transfer matrices arise naturally in statistical mechanics. These classical and quantum models often require the use of complex or negative weights and thus fall outside of the conventional equilibrium…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Peter N. Meisinger , Michael C. Ogilvie

To find and realize the optimal evolution between two states is significant both in theory and application. In quantum mechanics, the minimal evolution is bounded by the gap between the largest and smallest eigenvalue of the Hamiltonian. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-29 Chao Zheng , Liang Hao , Gui Lu Long

Non-Hermitian PT-symmetric quantum-mechanical Hamiltonians generally exhibit a phase transition that separates two parametric regions, (i) a region of unbroken PT symmetry in which the eigenvalues are all real, and (ii) a region of broken…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-11 Carl M. Bender , David J. Weir

The observation of genuine quantum effects in systems governed by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians has been an outstanding challenge in the field. Here we simulate the evolution under such Hamiltonians in the quantum regime on a superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Shruti Dogra , Artem A. Melnikov , Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu

The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and the time evolution of a quantum theory. It is an axiom of quantum mechanics that H be Hermitian because Hermiticity guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that the time evolution is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-07 Carl M. Bender , Joachim Brod , Andre Refig , Moritz Reuter

We present a compact, systematic formulation of the dynamics of the Husimi Q- and Glauber-Sudarshan P-phase space distribution functions expressed in terms of their \emph{complementary} Hamiltonian symbols: Anti-Wick for Q and Wick for P.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Mritunjay Tyagi , Simon Friederich

We present a phase space study of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian with $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry based on the Wigner distribution function. For an arbitrary complex potential, we derive a generalized continuity equation for the Wigner function flow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 Ludmila Praxmeyer , Popo Yang , Ray-Kuang Lee

We provide time-evolution operators, gauge transformations and a perturbative treatment for non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems, which are explicitly time-dependent. We determine various new equivalence pairs for Hermitian and non-Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Carla Figueira de Morisson Faria , Andreas Fring

The Stone theorem requires that in a physical Hilbert space ${\cal H}$ the time-evolution of a stable quantum system is unitary if and only if the corresponding Hamiltonian $H$ is self-adjoint. Sometimes, a simpler picture of the evolution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-11 Miloslav Znojil

Parity-time ($PT$)-symmetric Hamiltonians exhibit non-unitary dynamical evolution while maintaining real spectra, and offer unique approaches to quantum sensing and entanglement generation. Here we present a method for simulating the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Maryam Abbasi , Koray Aydogan , Anthony W. Schlimgen , Kade Head-Marsden

We consider the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric quantum field theory on the noncommutative spacetime with angular twist and construct its pseudo-Hermitian interpretation. We explore the differences between internal and spatial parities in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-25 Oleg O. Novikov

The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and time evolution of a quantum theory. A standard axiom of quantum mechanics requires that H be Hermitian because Hermiticity guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that time evolution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Carl M. Bender

We investigate the dynamics of a quantum system coupled linearly to Gaussian white noise using functional methods. By performing the integration over the noisy field in the evolution operator, we get an equivalent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-20 O. Oliveira , W. de Paula , T. Frederico , M. S. Hussein

The simple harmonic oscillator has a well-known normalizable, positive energy, bound state spectrum. We show that degenerate with each such positive energy eigenvalue there is a non-normalizable positive energy eigenstate whose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Philip D. Mannheim

Non-Hermitian systems satisfying parity-time (PT) symmetry have aroused considerable interest owing to their exotic features. Anti-PT symmetry is an important counterpart of the PT symmetry, and has been studied in various classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Ji Bian , Pengfei Lu , Teng Liu , Hao Wu , Xinxin Rao , Kunxu Wang , Qifeng Lao , Yang Liu , Feng Zhu , Le Luo

The quantum measurement axiom dictates that physical observables and in particular the Hamiltonian must be diagonalizable and have a real spectrum. For a time-independent Hamiltonian (with a discrete spectrum) these conditions ensure the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ali Mostafazadeh
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