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Well known to the machine learning community, the random feature model is a parametric approximation to kernel interpolation or regression methods. It is typically used to approximate functions mapping a finite-dimensional input space to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-23 Nicholas H. Nelsen , Andrew M. Stuart

We explore the phase diagram of approximation rates for deep neural networks and prove several new theoretical results. In particular, we generalize the existing result on the existence of deep discontinuous phase in ReLU networks to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Dmitry Yarotsky , Anton Zhevnerchuk

Although for neural networks with locally Lipschitz continuous activation functions the classical derivative exists almost everywhere, the standard chain rule is in general not applicable. We will consider a way of introducing a derivative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Julius Berner , Dennis Elbrächter , Philipp Grohs , Arnulf Jentzen

We obtain a new universal approximation theorem for continuous (possibly nonlinear) operators on arbitrary Banach spaces using the Leray-Schauder mapping. Moreover, we introduce and study a method for operator learning in Banach spaces…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Emanuele Zappala

Neural networks are widely used to approximate unknown functions in control. A common neural network architecture uses a single hidden layer (i.e. a shallow network), in which the input parameters are fixed in advance and only the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Andrew Lamperski , Siddharth Salapaka

This paper addresses the study and characterizations of variational convexity of extended-real-valued functions on Banach spaces. This notion has been recently introduced by Rockafellar, and its importance has been already realized and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Pham Duy Khanh , Vu Vinh Huy Khoa , Boris S. Mordukhovich , Vo Thanh Phat

Given a category of objects, it is both useful and important to know if all the objects in the category may be realised as sub-objects -- via morphisms in the given category -- of a single object in that category enjoying some nice…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-18 M. A. Sofi

We show in this note how the machinery of C^1-approximate flows devised in the work "Flows driven by rough paths", and applied there to reprove and extend most of the results on Banach space-valued rough differential equations driven by a…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-09-25 Ismael Bailleul

A well-known line of work (Barron, 1993; Breiman, 1993; Klusowski & Barron, 2018) provides bounds on the width $n$ of a ReLU two-layer neural network needed to approximate a function $f$ over the ball $\mathcal{B}_R(\mathbb{R}^d)$ up to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-29 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Youssef Mroueh

Implicit neural networks have become increasingly attractive in the machine learning community since they can achieve competitive performance but use much less computational resources. Recently, a line of theoretical works established the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Tianxiang Gao , Hongyang Gao

We discuss the expressive power of neural networks which use the non-smooth ReLU activation function $\varrho(x) = \max\{0,x\}$ by analyzing the approximation theoretic properties of such networks. The existing results mainly fall into two…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-10 Felix Voigtlaender , Philipp Petersen

Gradient descent (GD) type optimization schemes are the standard methods to train artificial neural networks (ANNs) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation. Such schemes can be considered as discretizations of gradient flows (GFs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

It is commonly recognized that the expressiveness of deep neural networks is contingent upon a range of factors, encompassing their depth, width, and other relevant considerations. Currently, the practical performance of the majority of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Xuan Qi , Yi Wei

This paper studies minimax optimization problems defined over infinite-dimensional function classes of overparameterized two-layer neural networks. In particular, we consider the minimax optimization problem stemming from estimating linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yuchen Zhu , Yufeng Zhang , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Xiaohong Chen

Reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces provide a foundational framework for kernel-based learning, where regularization and interpolation problems admit finite-dimensional solutions through classical representer theorems. Many modern learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Isabel de la Higuera , Francisco Herrera , M. Victoria Velasco

We investigate 1) the rate at which refined properties of the empirical risk---in particular, gradients---converge to their population counterparts in standard non-convex learning tasks, and 2) the consequences of this convergence for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Dylan J. Foster , Ayush Sekhari , Karthik Sridharan

We consider learning two layer neural networks using stochastic gradient descent. The mean-field description of this learning dynamics approximates the evolution of the network weights by an evolution in the space of probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-19 Song Mei , Theodor Misiakiewicz , Andrea Montanari

The training of neural networks by gradient descent methods is a cornerstone of the deep learning revolution. Yet, despite some recent progress, a complete theory explaining its success is still missing. This article presents, for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-15 Etienne Boursier , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion

Robustness with respect to weight perturbations underpins guarantees for generalization, pruning and quantization. Existing guarantees rely on Lipschitz bounds in parameter space, cover only plain feed-forward MLPs, and break under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Antoine Gonon , Nicolas Brisebarre , Elisa Riccietti , Rémi Gribonval

This work performs a study of the category of complete matrix-normed spaces, called matricial Banach spaces. Many of the usual constructions of Banach spaces extend in a natural way to matricial Banach spaces, including products, direct…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-10 Will Grilliette