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Current progress in electro-optical modulation within silicon integrated photonics, driven by the unique capabilities of advanced functional materials, has led to significant improvements in device performance. However, inherent constraints…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-30 Shahab Ramezanpour , Amr Helmy

The emergence of exceptional points (EPs) in the parameter space of a non-hermitian (2D) eigenvalue problem is studied in a general sense in mathematical physics, and has in the last decade successively reached the scope of experiments. In…

Spectral degeneracies (dubbed nodal points in momentum space) play fundamental roles in understanding exotic properties of light and matter. In lattice systems, unpaired band-structure degeneracies are subject to well-established no-go…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Kunkun Wang , J. Lukas K. König , Kang Yang , Lei Xiao , Wei Yi , Emil J. Bergholtz , Peng Xue

In contrast to Hermitian systems, eigenstates of non-Hermitian ones are in general nonorthogonal. This feature is most pronounced at exceptional points where several eigenstates are linearly dependent. In this work we show that near this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-23 Alexander A. Zyablovsky , Evgeny S. Andrianov , Alexander A. Pukhov

Non-conservative physical systems admit a special kind of spectral degeneracy, known as exceptional point (EP), at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the corresponding non-Hermitian Hamiltonian coalesce. Dynamical parametric encircling…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-21 Alexey Galda , Valerii M. Vinokur

Exceptional points (EPs) are non-Hermitian degeneracies where eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, giving rise to unusual physical effects across scientific disciplines. The concept of EPs has recently been extended to nonlinear physical…

Non-hermitian quantum systems can exhibit spectral degeneracies known as exceptional points, where two or more eigenvectors coalesce, leading to a non-diagonalizable Jordan block. It is known that symmetries can enhance the abundance of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Robin Schäfer , Jan C. Budich , David J. Luitz

Exceptional points (EPs) are singularities that arise in non-Hermitian physics. Current research efforts focus only on systems supporting isolated EPs characterized by increased sensitivity to external perturbations, which makes them…

Exceptional points, resulting from non-Hermitian degeneracies, have the potential to enhance the capabilities of quantum sensing. Thus, finding exceptional points in different quantum systems is vital for developing such future sensing…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Po-Chen Kuo , Neill Lambert , Adam Miranowicz , Hong-Bin Chen , Guang-Yin Chen , Yueh-Nan Chen , Franco Nori

Exceptional points (EPs), arising in non-Hermitian systems, have garnered significant attention in recent years, enabling advancements in sensing, wave manipulation, and mode selectivity. However, their role in quantum systems, particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Chenghe Yu , Mingsheng Tian , Ningxin Kong , Matteo Fadel , Xinyao Huang , Qiongyi He

Exceptional points (EPs) play a vital role in non-Hermitian (NH) systems, driving unique dynamical phenomena and promising innovative applications. However, the NH dynamics at EPs remains obscure due to the incomplete biorthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Yan Xing , Xuedong Zhao , Hui Jing , Shi-Lei Su

Exceptional points in an optical dimer of spheres, which have the same size and operate in the spectral region of the dipolar resonance, are considered. By choosing different materials of these spheres, we can offset the radiative loss and…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-31 Alexey A. Dmitriev , Mikhail V. Rybin

Exceptional degeneracies, at which both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, and parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry, reflecting balanced gain and loss in photonic systems, are paramount concepts in non-Hermitian systems. We here…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Marcus Stålhammar , Emil J. Bergholtz

Space-time reflection symmetry (PT symmetry) in non-Hermitian electronic models has drawn much attention over the past decade mainly because it guarantees that the band structures calculated under open boundary conditions be the same as…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-18 Amir M. Jazayeri

Exceptional points are special degeneracy points in parameter space that can arise in (effective) non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing open quantum and wave systems. At an n-th order exceptional point, n eigenvalues and the corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-23 Daniel Grom , Julius Kullig , Malte Röntgen , Jan Wiersig

Photonic topological edge states in one-dimensional dimer chains have long been thought to be robust to structural perturbations by mapping the topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model of a solid-state system. However, the edge states at the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-10 Zhiwei Guo , Tengzhou Zhang , Juan Song , Haitao Jiang , Hong Chen

Exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems have recently been shown to possess nontrivial topological properties, and to give rise to many exotic physical phenomena. However, most studies thus far have focused on isolated exceptional…

Optics · Physics 2019-02-21 Hengyun Zhou , Jong Yeon Lee , Shang Liu , Bo Zhen

Exceptional points (EPs) are non-Hermitian spectral degeneracies marking a simultaneous coalescence of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Despite the fact that multiband $n$-fold EPs (EP$n$s) generically emerge as special points on manifolds of…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-16 Anton Montag , Jordan Isaacs , Marcus Stålhammar , Flore K. Kunst

Exceptional points (EPs) represent non-Hermitian degeneracies where eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, giving rise to enhanced sensitivity and critically damped dynamics. We demonstrate that when an EP coincides with a dissipative phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Jongjun M. Lee

The existence of surface electromagnetic waves in the dielectric-metal interface is due to the sign change of real parts of permittivity across the interface. In this work, we demonstrate that the interface constructed by two semi-infinite…

Optics · Physics 2019-12-16 Xiaohan Cui , Kun Ding , Jian-Wen Dong , Che Ting Chan
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