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This work presents an approach to the inverse design of scattering systems by modifying the transmission matrix using reinforcement learning. We utilize Proximal Policy Optimization to navigate the highly non-convex landscape of the object…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-17 Yuhao Kang

The back-propagation algorithm is the cornerstone of deep learning. Despite its importance, few variations of the algorithm have been attempted. This work presents an approach to discover new variations of the back-propagation equation. We…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-09 Maximilian Alber , Irwan Bello , Barret Zoph , Pieter-Jan Kindermans , Prajit Ramachandran , Quoc Le

Deep neural networks are able to learn multi-layered representation via back propagation (BP). Although the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) is effective for modeling tabular data, it is non-differentiable with respect to its input,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Zhendong Zhang

Deep learning has revolutionized industries like computer vision, natural language processing, and speech recognition. However, back propagation, the main method for training deep neural networks, faces challenges like computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Gokulprasath R

We marry ideas from deep neural networks and approximate Bayesian inference to derive a generalised class of deep, directed generative models, endowed with a new algorithm for scalable inference and learning. Our algorithm introduces a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-02 Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Shakir Mohamed , Daan Wierstra

This paper focuses on training implicit models of infinite layers. Specifically, previous works employ implicit differentiation and solve the exact gradient for the backward propagation. However, is it necessary to compute such an exact but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Zhengyang Geng , Xin-Yu Zhang , Shaojie Bai , Yisen Wang , Zhouchen Lin

The back-propagation algorithm is widely used for learning in artificial neural networks. A challenge in machine learning is to create models that generalize to new data samples not seen in the training data. Recently, a common flaw in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-07 Arild Nøkland

We present a distributed proximal-gradient method for optimizing the average of convex functions, each of which is the private local objective of an agent in a network with time-varying topology. The local objectives have distinct…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-10-09 Annie I. Chen , Asuman Ozdaglar

In distributed optimization and distributed numerical linear algebra, we often encounter an inversion bias: if we want to compute a quantity that depends on the inverse of a sum of distributed matrices, then the sum of the inverses does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Michał Dereziński , Michael W. Mahoney

Deep learning models have gained great success in many real-world applications. However, most existing networks are typically designed in heuristic manners, thus lack of rigorous mathematical principles and derivations. Several recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-18 Risheng Liu , Xin Fan , Shichao Cheng , Xiangyu Wang , Zhongxuan Luo

Neural networks are popular state-of-the-art models for many different tasks.They are often trained via back-propagation to find a value of the weights that correctly predicts the observed data. Although back-propagation has shown good…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-29 Simón Rodríguez Santana , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

Decision Trees (DTs) are commonly used for many machine learning tasks due to their high degree of interpretability. However, learning a DT from data is a difficult optimization problem, as it is non-convex and non-differentiable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Sascha Marton , Stefan Lüdtke , Christian Bartelt , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Standard neural network based on general back propagation learning using delta method or gradient descent method has some great faults like poor optimization of error-weight objective function, low learning rate, instability .This paper…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-12-20 Mriganka Chakraborty , Arka Ghosh

Diffusion models generate samples through an iterative denoising process, guided by a neural network. While training the denoiser on real-world data is computationally demanding, the sampling procedure itself is more flexible. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Constant Bourdrez , Alexandre Vérine , Olivier Cappé

We show how to train the fast dependency parser of Smith and Eisner (2008) for improved accuracy. This parser can consider higher-order interactions among edges while retaining O(n^3) runtime. It outputs the parse with maximum expected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Matthew R. Gormley , Mark Dredze , Jason Eisner

Gradients have been exploited in proposal distributions to accelerate the convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms on discrete distributions. However, these methods require a natural differentiable extension of the target discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Yue Xiang , Dongyao Zhu , Bowen Lei , Dongkuan Xu , Ruqi Zhang

We present a simplified computational rule for the back-propagation formulas for artificial neural networks. In this work, we provide a generic two-step rule for the back-propagation algorithm in matrix notation. Moreover, this rule…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Ahmed Boughammoura

Adversarial Imitation Learning alternates between learning a discriminator -- which tells apart expert's demonstrations from generated ones -- and a generator's policy to produce trajectories that can fool this discriminator. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Paul Barde , Julien Roy , Wonseok Jeon , Joelle Pineau , Christopher Pal , Derek Nowrouzezahrai

Preceptron model updating with back propagation has become the routine of deep learning. Continuous feed forward procedure is required in order for backward propagate to function properly. Doubting the underlying physical interpretation on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-19 Shirui Tang

This paper proposes a fractional order gradient method for the backward propagation of convolutional neural networks. To overcome the problem that fractional order gradient method cannot converge to real extreme point, a simplified…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Dian Sheng , Yiheng Wei , Yuquan Chen , Yong Wang