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Retrieval of exoplanetary atmospheric properties from their transmission spectra commonly assumes that the errors in the data are Gaussian and independent. However, non-Gaussian noise can occur due to instrumental or stellar systematics and…
The photoconversion of CO$_2$ to hydrocarbons is a sustainable route to its transformation into value-added compounds and, thereby, crucial to mitigating the energy and climate crises. CuPt nanoparticles on TiO$_2$ surfaces have been…
Explicit quantification of uncertainty in engineering simulations is being increasingly used to inform robust and reliable design practices. In the aerospace industry, computationally-feasible analyses for design optimization purposes often…
Consider a space object in an orbit about the earth. An uncertain initial state can be represented as a point cloud which can be propagated to later times by the laws of Newtonian motion. If the state of the object is represented in…
A common problem in the sciences is that a signal of interest is observed only indirectly, through smooth functionals of the signal whose values are then obscured by noise. In such inverse problems, the functionals dampen or entirely…
Geological carbon storage represents one of the few truly scalable technologies capable of reducing the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. While this technology has the potential to scale, its success hinges on our ability to mitigate its…
The low frequency variability of the extratropical atmosphere involves hemispheric-scale recurring, often persistent, states known as teleconnection patterns or regimes, which can have profound impact on predictability on intra-seasonal and…
The development of low-cost sensors and novel calibration algorithms offer new opportunities to supplement existing regulatory networks to measure air pollutants at a high spatial resolution and at hourly and sub-hourly timescales. We use a…
Carbon dioxide (CO2) increase has been well documented, and global net primary production is of importance to a variety of ecological topics. Since CO2 increases primary production in laboratory experiments, the global effects of increasing…
We analyze primordial tensor perturbations using the latest cosmic microwave background and gravitational waves data, focusing on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, and the tensor spectral tilt, $n_t$. Utilizing data from Planck PR4,…
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are being closely monitored by remote sensing experiments which rely on knowing line intensities with an uncertainty of 0.5% or better. We report a theoretical study providing rotation-vibration…
Turbulent dynamical systems characterized by both a high-dimensional phase space and a large number of instabilities are ubiquitous among many complex systems in science and engineering. The existence of a strange attractor in the turbulent…
Water-rich planets such as Earth are expected to become eventually uninhabitable, because liquid water does not remain stable at the surface as surface temperatures increase with the solar luminosity over time. Whether a large increase of…
Commissioning of SCUBA-2 included a program of skydips and observations of calibration sources intended to be folded into regular observing as standard methods of source flux calibration and to monitor the atmospheric opacity and stability.…
Carbon capture and storage in basalt is being actively investigated as a scalable climate change mitigation option. Accurate geochemical modeling prediction of the extent and rate of CO2 mineralization is a critical component in assessing…
This article addresses calibration challenges in analytical chemistry by employing a random-effects calibration curve model and its generalizations to capture variability in analyte concentrations. The model is motivated by specific issues…
According to traditional gas-phase chemical models, O2 should be abundant in molecular clouds, but until recently, attempts to detect interstellar O2 line emission with ground- and space-based observatories have failed. Following the…
Among the most relevant processes in the Earth system for human habitability are quasi-periodic, ocean-driven multi-year events whose dynamics are currently incompletely characterized by physical models, and hence poorly predictable. This…
CO2 emissions from power plants, as significant super emitters, contribute substantially to global warming. Accurate quantification of these emissions is crucial for effective climate mitigation strategies. While satellite-based plume…
Ground level Ozone is one of the six common air-pollutants on which the EPA has set national air quality standards. In order to capture the spatio-temporal trend of 1-hour and 8-hour average ozone concentration in the US, we develop a…