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In topology optimization using deep learning, load and boundary conditions represented as vectors or sparse matrices often miss the opportunity to encode a rich view of the design problem, leading to less than ideal generalization results.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Zhenguo Nie , Tong Lin , Haoliang Jiang , Levent Burak Kara

The segmentation of retinal vessels is of significance for doctors to diagnose the fundus diseases. However, existing methods have various problems in the segmentation of the retinal vessels, such as insufficient segmentation of retinal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Yun Jiang , Ning Tan

Network topology excels at structural predictions but fails to capture functional semantics encoded in biomedical literature. We present RAG-GNN, an end-to-end trainable retrieval-augmented graph neural network framework that integrates GNN…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-14 Hasi Hays , William J. Richardson

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as the leading paradigm for learning over graph-structured data. However, their performance is limited by issues inherent to graph topology, most notably oversquashing and oversmoothing. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Hugo Attali , Thomas Papastergiou , Nathalie Pernelle , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros

Generative adversarial network (GAN) is widely used for generalized and robust learning on graph data. However, for non-Euclidean graph data, the existing GAN-based graph representation methods generate negative samples by random walk or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Jianxin Li , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Cheng Ji , Jiajun Tan , Jia Wu , Hao Peng

This study developed a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based defense method for traffic sign classification in an autonomous vehicle (AV), referred to as the attack-resilient GAN (AR-GAN). The novelty of the AR-GAN lies in (i) assuming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 M Sabbir Salek , Abdullah Al Mamun , Mashrur Chowdhury

Topological and geometrical analysis of retinal blood vessel is a cost-effective way for early detection of many common diseases. Meanwhile, automated vessel segmentation and vascular tree analysis are still lacking in terms of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-24 Xingzheng Lyu , Li Cheng , Sanyuan Zhang

Restoration of poor quality images with a blended set of artifacts plays a vital role for a reliable diagnosis. Existing studies have focused on specific restoration problems such as image deblurring, denoising, and exposure correction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Mete Ahishali , Aysen Degerli , Serkan Kiranyaz , Tahir Hamid , Rashid Mazhar , Moncef Gabbouj

The clinical management of several cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension, require the assessment of the right ventricular (RV) function. This work addresses the fully automatic and robust access to one of the key RV…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Nicoló Savioli , Miguel Silva Vieira , Pablo Lamata , Giovanni Montana

The recent deep generative models for static graphs that are now being actively developed have achieved significant success in areas such as molecule design. However, many real-world problems involve temporal graphs whose topology and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Liming Zhang , Liang Zhao , Shan Qin , Dieter Pfoser

Retinal vessel segmentation is an indispensable step for automatic detection of retinal diseases with fundoscopic images. Though many approaches have been proposed, existing methods tend to miss fine vessels or allow false positives at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Jaemin Son , Sang Jun Park , Kyu-Hwan Jung

Retinal imaging serves as a valuable tool for diagnosis of various diseases. However, reading retinal images is a difficult and time-consuming task even for experienced specialists. The fundamental step towards automated retinal image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Liangzhi Li , Manisha Verma , Yuta Nakashima , Ryo Kawasaki , Hajime Nagahara

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) have demonstrated the potential to recover realistic details for single image super-resolution (SISR). To further improve the visual quality of super-resolved results, PIRM2018-SR Challenge employed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Wenlong Zhang , Yihao Liu , Chao Dong , Yu Qiao

Automated liver segmentation from radiology scans (CT, MRI) can improve surgery and therapy planning and follow-up assessment in addition to conventional use for diagnosis and prognosis. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-31 Ugur Demir , Zheyuan Zhang , Bin Wang , Matthew Antalek , Elif Keles , Debesh Jha , Amir Borhani , Daniela Ladner , Ulas Bagci

In the realm of medical image fusion, integrating information from various modalities is crucial for improving diagnostics and treatment planning, especially in retinal health, where the important features exhibit differently in different…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-22 Xin Tian , Nantheera Anantrasirichai , Lindsay Nicholson , Alin Achim

To facilitate a prospective estimation of CT effective dose and risk minimization process, a prospective spatial dose estimation and the known anatomical structures are expected. To this end, a CT reconstruction method is required to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-24 Chang Liu , Laura Klein , Yixing Huang , Edith Baader , Michael Lell , Marc Kachelrieß , Andreas Maier

Anatomical landmark segmentation and pathology localization are important steps in automated analysis of medical images. They are particularly challenging when the anatomy or pathology is small, as in retinal images and cardiac MRI, or when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Behzad Bozorgtabar

Many deep learning based methods have been proposed for retinal vessel segmentation, however few of them focus on the connectivity of segmented vessels, which is quite important for a practical computer-aided diagnosis system on retinal…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-28 Rui Xu , Tiantian Liu , Xinchen Ye , Yen-Wei Chen

Video super-resolution (VSR) has become one of the most critical problems in video processing. In the deep learning literature, recent works have shown the benefits of using adversarial-based and perceptual losses to improve the performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Alice Lucas , Santiago Lopez Tapia , Rafael Molina , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) rely on a variety of sensors - acoustic, inertial and visual - for intelligent decision making. Due to its non-intrusive, passive nature, and high information content, vision is an attractive sensing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-15 Cameron Fabbri , Md Jahidul Islam , Junaed Sattar