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Cortical lesions (CLs) have emerged as valuable biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS), offering high diagnostic specificity and prognostic relevance. However, their routine clinical integration remains limited due to subtle magnetic…

Cancer is a complex disease that provides various types of information depending on the scale of observation. While most tumor diagnostics are performed by observing histopathological slides, radiology images should yield additional…

Most of the current state-of-the-art methods for tumor segmentation are based on machine learning models trained on manually segmented images. This type of training data is particularly costly, as manual delineation of tumors is not only…

In this paper, we have proposed a new glaucoma classification approach that employs a wavelet neural network (WNN) on optimally enhanced retinal images features. To avoid tedious and error prone manual analysis of retinal images by…

Automated disease classification of radiology images has been emerging as a promising technique to support clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Unlike generic image classification tasks, a real-world radiology image classification…

Annotation variability remains a substantial challenge in medical image segmentation, stemming from ambiguous imaging boundaries and diverse clinical expertise. Traditional deep learning methods producing single deterministic segmentation…

Multi-label image classification, which can be categorized into label-dependency and region-based methods, is a challenging problem due to the complex underlying object layouts. Although region-based methods are less likely to encounter…

Mutual information is widely applied to learn latent representations of observations, whilst its implication in classification neural networks remain to be better explained. We show that optimising the parameters of classification neural…

The work discusses the use of machine learning algorithms for anomaly detection in medical image analysis and how the performance of these algorithms depends on the number of annotators and the quality of labels. To address the issue of…

Deep learning models (DLMs) frequently achieve accurate segmentation and classification of tumors from medical images. However, DLMs lacking feedback on their image segmentation mechanisms, such as Dice coefficients and confidence in their…

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) systems, particularly multimodal vision-language models (VLM), often exhibit intersectional biases where models are systematically less confident in diagnosing marginalised patient subgroups. Such bias…

Deep learning models have demonstrated remarkable results for various computer vision tasks, including the realm of medical imaging. However, their application in the medical domain is limited due to the requirement for large amounts of…

A precise assessment of the risk of breast lesions can greatly lower it and assist physicians in choosing the best course of action. To categorise breast lesions, the majority of current computer-aided systems only use characteristics from…

Single-modality medical images generally do not contain enough information to reach an accurate and reliable diagnosis. For this reason, physicians generally diagnose diseases based on multimodal medical images such as, e.g., PET/CT. The…

This paper proposes a novel approach for modeling the problem of fault diagnosis using the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing fault dataset. Although the dataset is considered a standard reference for testing new algorithms, the…

Multi-label classification is a challenging task in pattern recognition. Many deep learning methods have been proposed and largely enhanced classification performance. However, most of the existing sophisticated methods ignore context in…

Automated medical image segmentation inherently involves a certain degree of uncertainty. One key factor contributing to this uncertainty is the ambiguity that can arise in determining the boundaries of a target region of interest,…

Semi-supervised learning has made significant strides in the medical domain since it alleviates the heavy burden of collecting abundant pixel-wise annotated data for semantic segmentation tasks. Existing semi-supervised approaches enhance…

Multi-label classification is a challenging task, particularly in domains where the number of labels to be predicted is large. Deep neural networks are often effective at multi-label classification of images and textual data. When dealing…

Our goal is to bridge human and machine intelligence in melanoma detection. We develop a classification system exploiting a combination of visual pre-processing, deep learning, and ensembling for providing explanations to experts and to…