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In this paper outer, or dual, billiards outside regular polygons are studied; in particular, periodic points for cases of strictly convex "tables" and for regular n-gons with n = 3,4,6,8,12 are discussed. The main results of the paper are:…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Filipp Rukhovich

A manifold $M^n$ inherits a labeled $n$-dimensional graph $\widetilde{M}[G^L]$ structure consisting of its charts. This structure enables one to characterize fundamental groups of manifolds, classify those of locally compact manifolds with…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-06-21 Linfan Mao

We study the domination number $\gamma(Q_n^3)$ of the three-dimensional $n \times n \times n$ queen graph. The main result is a stratified theorem computing, for each position type -- corner, edge, face, or interior -- the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Mahesh Ramani

In this paper we show that for m>n the set of cobordism classes of maps from m-sphere to n-sphere is trivial. The determination of the cobordism homotopy groups of spheres admits applications to the covers for spheres.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Oleg R. Musin , Jie Wu

This is a graduate-level introduction to graph theory, corresponding to a quarter-long course. It covers simple graphs, multigraphs as well as their directed analogues, and more restrictive classes such as tournaments, trees and…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Darij Grinberg

The problem of existence of closed knight tours for rectangular chessboards was solved by Schwenk in 1991. Last year, in 2011, DeMaio and Mathew provide an extension of this result for 3-dimensional rectangular boards. In this article, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-23 Bruno Golenia , Sylvain Golenia , Joshua Erde

We characterize maps between $n$-dimensional N\"obeling manifolds that can be approximated by homeomorphisms.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-06-20 A. Chigogidze , A. Nagorko

Some preliminary results are reported on the equivalence of any n-queens problem with the roots of a Boolean valued quadratic form via a generic dimensional reduction scheme. It is then proven that the solutions set is encoded in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-13 T. E. Raptis

The main purpose of part (III) is to give explicit geodesics and billiard orbits in polysquares that exhibit time-quantitative density. In many instances, we can even establish a best possible form of time-quantitative density called…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-18 J. Beck , W. W. L. Chen , Y. Yang

We investigate the homotopy classes of closed knight's tours on cylinders and tori. Specifically, we characterize the dimensions of cylindrical chessboards that admit closed knight's tours realizing the identity of the fundamental group and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-13 Bradley Forrest , Kara Teehan

Multidimensional cosmological-type model with n Einstein factor spaces in the theory with l scalar fields and multiple exponential potential is considered. The dynamics of the model near the singularity is reduced to a billiard on the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 H. Dehnen , V. D. Ivashchuk , V. N. Melnikov

We study billiards in domains enclosed by circular polygons. These are closed $C^1$ strictly convex curves formed by finitely many circular arcs. We prove the existence of a set in phase space, corresponding to generic sliding trajectories…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Andrew Clarke , Rafael Ramírez-Ros

An elementary application of Algorithmic Complexity Theory to the polygonal approximations of curved billiards-integrable and chaotic-unveils the equivalence of this problem to the procedure of quantization of classical systems: the scaling…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-31 Giorgio Mantica

We study rational circular billiards. By viewing the trajectory formed after each reflection point to another inside the circle as the number of circle divisions into regions we derive a general formula for the number of division regions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-06-05 Daniel Jaud

We review some properties of periodic orbit families in polygonal billiards and discuss in particular a sum rule that they obey. In addition, we provide algorithms to determine periodic orbit families and present numerical results that shed…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-28 Debabrata Biswas

In view of classical results of Masur and Veech almost every element in the moduli space of compact translation surfaces is recurrent. In this paper we focus on the problem of recurrence for elements of smooth curves in the moduli space. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-05-19 Krzysztof Frączek

We solve the isomorphism problem for the whole class of Lins-Mandel gems (graphs encoded manifolds). We also present certain homeomorphisms of branched cyclic coverings of two-bridge hyperbolic links. As a consequence, we prove that, in in…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sostenes Lins , Michele Mulazzani

This paper presents and explores a theory of \emph{multiholomorphic maps}. This group of ideas generalizes the theory of pseudoholomorphic curves in a direction suggested by consideration of the kinds of compatible geometric structures that…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-05-01 Aaron M. Smith

We indulge in what mathematicians call frivolous activities. In Arithmetic Billiards, a ball is bouncing around in a rectangle. In Parity Checkers we place checkers on a checkerboard under certain parity constraints. Both activities turn…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Johan Wästlund

We use the semiclassical quantization scheme of Bogomolny to calculate eigenvalues of the Lima\c con quantum billiard corresponding to a conformal map of the circle billiard. We use the entire billiard boundary as the chosen surface of…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-31 Bambi Hu , Baowen Li , Daniel C Rouben
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