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Feedback from protostellar outflows can influence the nature of turbulence in star forming regions even if they are not the primary source of velocity dispersion for all scales of molecular clouds. For the rate and power expected in star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Jonathan J. Carroll , Adam Frank , Eric G Blackman

In this paper we show results of numerical simulations for the turbulence in the interstellar medium. These results were obtained using a Riemann solver-free numerical scheme for high-Mach number hyperbolic equations. Here we especially…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-02-11 R. Kissmann , J. Kleimann , H. Fichtner , R. Grauer

Supersonic turbulence plays a pivotal role during the formation of molecular clouds and stars in galaxies. However, little is known about how the fraction of compressive and solenoidal modes in the velocity field evolves over time and how…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-29 Bastian Körtgen

Magnetic fields grow quickly, even at early cosmological times, suggesting the action of a small-scale dynamo (SSD) in the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. Many studies have focused on idealized, isotropic, homogeneous, turbulent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-15 Frederick A. Gent , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Maarit J. Korpi-Lagg , Nishant K. Singh

The interstellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy is magnetized, compressible and turbulent, influencing many key ISM properties, like star formation, cosmic ray transport, and metal and phase mixing. Yet, basic statistics describing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-15 James R. Beattie , Christoph Federrath , Ralf S. Klessen , Salvatore Cielo , Amitava Bhattacharjee

Interstellar superbubbles generated by multiple supernova explosions are common in star-forming galaxies. They are the most obvious manifestation of mechanical feedback, and are largely responsible for transferring both thermal and kinetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. S. Oey

Supernovae (SNe) drive multiphase galactic outflows, impacting galaxy formation; however, cosmological simulations mostly use \textit{ad hoc} feedback models for outflows, making outflow-related predictions from first principles…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-03-04 Miao Li , Greg L. Bryan

Galaxies' interstellar media (ISM) are observed to be supersonically-turbulent, but the ultimate power source that drives turbulent motion remains uncertain. The two dominant models are that the turbulence is driven by star formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-23 Mark R. Krumholz , Blakesley Burkhart

We introduce a novel parameterization of supernova neutrino energy spectra with a clear physical motivation. Its central parameter, $\tau(t)$, quantifies the characteristic thermal-diffusion area during the explosion. When applied to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-21 Haihao Shi , Zhenyang Huang , Junda Zhou , Guoliang Lü , Xuefei Chen

Galactic winds are a common phenomenon in starburst galaxies in the local universe as well as at higher redshifts. Their sources are superbubbles driven by sequential supernova explosions in star forming regions, which carve out large holes…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-02-04 Verena Baumgartner , Dieter Breitschwerdt

The extent to which turbulence mixes gas in the face of recurrent infusions of fresh metals by supernovae (SN) could help provide important constraints on the local star formation conditions. This includes predictions of the metallicity…

Energy and momentum feedback from stars is a key element of models for galaxy formation and interstellar medium dynamics, but resolving the relevant length scales to directly include this feedback remain out of reach of current-generation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-10 Yvonne A. Fichtner , Jonathan Mackey , Luca Grassitelli , Emilio Romano-Díaz , Cristiano Porciani

Momentum feedback from isolated supernova remnants (SNRs) have been increasingly recognized by modern cosmological simulations as a resolution-independent means to implement the effects of feedback in galaxies, such as turbulence and winds.…

Mass loss from massive stars ($\ga 8 \msun$) can result in the formation of circumstellar wind blown cavities surrounding the star, bordered by a thin, dense, cold shell. When the star explodes as a core-collapse supernova (SN), the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Vikram V. Dwarkadas

Observations have suggested substantial departures from pressure equilibrium in the interstellar medium (ISM) in the plane of the Galaxy, even on scales under 50 pc. Nevertheless, multi-phase models of the ISM assume at least locally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Dinshaw Balsara , Miguel A. Avillez , Jongsoo Kim

In a previous paper we investigated the energy transfer of massive stars to the interstellar medium as a function of time and the geometrical configuration of three massive stars via 3D-mesh-refining hydrodynamics simulations, following the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-07-02 Martin Krause , Roland Diehl , Hans Böhringer , Michael Freyberg , Daniel Lubos

Supernovae (SN), the most energetic stellar feedback mechanism, are crucial for regulating the interstellar medium (ISM) and launching galactic winds. We explore how supernova remnants (SNRs) create a multiphase medium by performing 3D…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-11-18 Miao Li , Jeremiah P. Ostriker , Renyue Cen , Greg L. Bryan , Thorsten Naab

Star formation is intimately linked to the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds. Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ralf Klessen

Supersonic flows in the interstellar medium (ISM) are believed to be a key driver of the molecular cloud formation and evolution. Among molecular clouds' properties, the ratio between the solenoidal and compressive modes of turbulence plays…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-18 Masato I. N. Kobayashi , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Kengo Tomida , Kazunari Iwasaki , Hiroki Nakatsugawa

Several topics in the theory of magnetized turbulence are reviewed with application to star formation and the interstellar medium. The density, pressure, and temperature distribution in a turbulent interstellar medium is described in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mordecai-Mark Mac Low