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A common feature of systems of conservation laws of continuum physics is that they are endowed with natural companion laws which are in such case most often related to the second law of thermodynamics. This observation easily generalizes to…
The purpose of this paper is to present a general method for forcing on $\omega_2$ and $\omega_3$ with finite conditions, while preserving all cardinals and some fragments of $\mathrm{GCH}$. This method is based on the technique of forcing…
We study varieties of certain ordered $\Sigma$-algebras with restricted completeness and continuity properties. We give a general characterization of their free algebras in terms of submonads of the monad of $\Sigma$-coterms. Varieties of…
An algebraic linear ordering is a component of the initial solution of a first-order recursion scheme over the continuous categorical algebra of countable linear orderings equipped with the sum operation and the constant 1. Due to a general…
We consider a semiflow strongly focusing monotone with respect to a cone of rank k on a Banach space. We prove that the omega-limit set of a pseudo-ordered semiorbit is ordered, which is called as pseudo-ordered principle. Based on this…
We compare ordinary and symmetric variants of two classical measures of pseudorandomness for binary sequences, the $2$-adic complexity and the linear complexity. In the periodic setting, we show that for binary periodic sequences…
Assume that $(\Omega,\mathcal A,P)$ is a probability space, $f\colon[0,1] \times \Omega\to[0,1]$ is a function such that $f(0,\omega)=0$, $f(1,\omega)=1$ for every $\omega\in\Omega$, $g\colon[0,1]\to\mathbb R$ is a bounded function such…
In this paper we provide a novel family of stochastic orders that generalizes second order stochastic dominance, which we call the $\alpha,[a,b]$-concave stochastic orders. These stochastic orders are generated by a novel set of "very"…
We calculate the possible Scott ranks of countable models of Peano arithmetic. We show that no non-standard model can have Scott rank less than $\omega$ and that non-standard models of true arithmetic must have Scott rank greater than…
This paper is an addendum to the author's previous paper [#Im20a]. Miller et al. [#MSM10] introduced a functor $\sigma\colon\mathbf{pCoarse}\to\mathbf{Sets}$, where $\mathbf{pCoarse}$ is the category of pointed coarse spaces and coarse…
We prove Los conjecture = Morley theorem in ZF, with the same characterization (of first order countable theories categorical in aleph_alpha for some (equivalently for every) ordinal alpha>0. Another central result here is, in this context:…
Let $C$ be an open cone in a Banach space equipped with the Thompson metric with closure a normal cone. The main result gives sufficient conditions for Borel probability measures $\mu,\nu$ on $C$ with finite first moment for which $\mu\leq…
We investigate the cyclic proof theory of extensions of Peano Arithmetic by (finitely iterated) inductive definitions. Such theories are essential to proof theoretic analyses of certain `impredicative' theories; moreover, our cyclic systems…
We investigate the extension of Monadic Second Order logic, interpreted over infinite words and trees, with generalized "for almost all" quantifiers interpreted using the notions of Baire category and Lebesgue measure.
This paper gives upper and lower bounds on the minimum error probability of Bayesian $M$-ary hypothesis testing in terms of the Arimoto-R\'enyi conditional entropy of an arbitrary order $\alpha$. The improved tightness of these bounds over…
We develop a second-order extension of intuitionistic modal logic, allowing quantification over propositions, both syntactically and semantically. A key feature of second-order logic is its capacity to define positive connectives from the…
Given a sequence of integers $a_j, j\ge 1,$ a multiset is a combinatorial object composed of unordered components, such that there are exactly $a_j$ one-component multisets of size $j.$ When $a_j\asymp j^{r-1} y^j$ for some $r>0$, $y\geq…
We develop the abstract framework for a proof-theoretic analysis of theories with scope beyond ordinal numbers, resulting in an analog of Ordinal Analysis aimed at the study of theorems of complexity $\Pi^1_2$. This is done by replacing the…
We establish the existence of positive solutions for a system of coupled fourth-order partial differential equations on a bounded domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$\begin{align*} \left\{\begin{array}{l} \Delta^2u_1 +\beta_1 \Delta…
This paper is a contribution to the investigation of closed partition relations for pairs of countable ordinals. As our main result, we prove that \[\omega^4 \cdot (n-2)+1 < R^{cl}(\omega \cdot n+1,3)<\omega^5\] for every integer $n \geq…