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For a terminal alphabet $\Sigma$ and an attribute alphabet $\Gamma$, a $(\Sigma, \Gamma)$-extractor is a function that maps every string over $\Sigma$ to a table with a column per attribute and with sets of positions of $w$ as cell entries.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Markus L. Schmid

In the past few years LLMs have emerged as a tool that can aid programmers by taking natural language descriptions and generating code based on it. However, the reliability of LLM code generation and current validation techniques for it are…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Aaron Councilman , David Jiahao Fu , Aryan Gupta , Chengxiao Wang , David Grove , Yu-Xiong Wang , Vikram Adve

Code completion, which aims to predict the following code token(s) according to the code context, can improve the productivity of software development. Recent work has proved that statistical language modeling with transformers can greatly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Shuai Lu , Nan Duan , Hojae Han , Daya Guo , Seung-won Hwang , Alexey Svyatkovskiy

Automatically generating agentic workflows -- executable operator graphs or codes that orchestrate reasoning, verification, and repair -- has become a practical way to solve complex tasks beyond what single-pass LLM generation can reliably…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jialiang Wang , Shengxiang Xu , Hanmo Liu , Jiachuan Wang , Yuyu Luo , Shimin Di , Min-Ling Zhang , Lei Chen

Formal verification provides strong guarantees of correctness of software, which are especially important in safety or security critical systems. Hoare logic is a widely used formalism for rigorous verification of software against…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Jayaraj Poroor

Managing inputs that are novel, unknown, or out-of-distribution is critical as an agent moves from the lab to the open world. Novelty-related problems include being tolerant to novel perturbations of the normal input, detecting when the…

Automatic code generation is to generate the program code according to the given natural language description. The current mainstream approach uses neural networks to encode natural language descriptions, and output abstract syntax trees…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Maosheng Zhong , Gen Liu , Hongwei Li , Jiangling Kuang , Jinshan Zeng , Mingwen Wang

Integrating autonomous and adaptive behavior into software-intensive systems presents significant challenges for software development, as uncertainties in the environment or decision-making processes must be explicitly captured. These…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Anastasia Mavridou , Marie Farrell , Gricel Vázquez , Tom Pressburger , Timothy E. Wang , Radu Calinescu , Michael Fisher

The development and application of formal methods is a long standing research topic within the field of computer science. One particular challenge that remains is the uptake of formal methods into industrial practices. This paper introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-03-25 Phillip James , Markus Roggenbach

Automated code generation has long been considered the holy grail of software engineering. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed a revolutionary breakthrough in this area. However, existing methods that only rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Xu Lu , Weisong Sun , Yiran Zhang , Ming Hu , Cong Tian , Zhi Jin , Yang Liu

Search-optimization problems are plentiful in scientific and engineering domains. Artificial intelligence has long contributed to the development of search algorithms and declarative programming languages geared towards solving and modeling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Yuliya Lierler

While artificial intelligence (AI) models have achieved human or even superhuman performance in many well-defined applications, they still struggle to show signs of broad and flexible intelligence. The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Giacomo Camposampiero , Loic Houmard , Benjamin Estermann , Joël Mathys , Roger Wattenhofer

Testing has become an indispensable activity of software development, yet writing good and relevant tests remains a quite challenging task. One well-known problem is that it often is impossible or unrealistic to test for every outcome, as…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Dimitri Racordon , Didier Buchs

With the advent of neural language models, the performance of code generation has been significantly boosted. However, the problem of repetitions during the generation process continues to linger. Previous work has primarily focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yihong Dong , Yuchen Liu , Xue Jiang , Zhi Jin , Ge Li

Large language models are becoming increasingly practical for translating code across programming languages, a process known as $transpiling$. Even though automated transpilation significantly boosts developer productivity, a key concern is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Hasan Ferit Eniser , Valentin Wüstholz , Maria Christakis

Large Language Models (LLMs) are one of the most promising developments in the field of artificial intelligence, and the software engineering community has readily noticed their potential role in the software development life-cycle.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Greta Dolcetti , Vincenzo Arceri , Eleonora Iotti , Sergio Maffeis , Agostino Cortesi , Enea Zaffanella

Code synthesis, which requires a deep understanding of complex natural language problem descriptions, generation of code instructions for complex algorithms and data structures, and the successful execution of comprehensive unit tests,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Md. Ashraful Islam , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Md Rizwan Parvez

Reimplementing solutions to previously solved software engineering problems is not only inefficient but also introduces inadequate and error-prone code. Many existing methods achieve impressive performance on this issue by using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Usama Nadeem , Noah Ziems , Shaoen Wu

We study the problem of generating source code in a strongly typed, Java-like programming language, given a label (for example a set of API calls or types) carrying a small amount of information about the code that is desired. The generated…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Vijayaraghavan Murali , Letao Qi , Swarat Chaudhuri , Chris Jermaine

While programming is one of the most broadly applicable skills in modern society, modern machine learning models still cannot code solutions to basic problems. Despite its importance, there has been surprisingly little work on evaluating…