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This study presents a proof-of-concept experimental investigation of a multi-buoy cooperative point-absorber wave energy converter (WEC). The proposed concept consists of an array of surface-penetrating buoys connected through a shared…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Herman Martens Meyer , Leif Arne Tønnessen , Olav Gundersen , Atle Jensen

A wave energy converter (WEC) similar to the CETO system developed by Carnegie Clean Energy is considered for design optimisation. This WEC is able to absorb power from heave, surge and pitch motion modes, making the optimisation problem…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Nataliia Y. Sergiienko , Mehdi Neshat , Leandro S. P. da Silva , Bradley Alexander , Markus Wagner

Ocean wave energy is one of the latest renewable energy resources, projected to be commercialized and competitive with other energy technologies in the near future. However, wave energy technologies are not fully developed, so various…

This study utilizes multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) to design an array of heaving wave energy converters (WECs) for grid-scale energy production with decision variables and parameters chosen from the coupled disciplines of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Kapil Khanal , Nate DeGoede , Olivia Vitale , Maha N. Haji

Renewable energy, such as ocean wave energy, plays a pivotal role in addressing the tremendous growth of global energy demand. It is expected that wave energy will be one of the fastest-growing energy resources in the next decade, offering…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Mehdi Neshat , Bradley Alexander , Nataliia Sergiienko , Markus Wagner

A promising direction towards reducing the levelized cost of energy for wave energy converter (WEC) farms is to improve their performance. WEC design studies generally focus on a single design domain (e.g., geometry, control, or layout) to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-27 Saeed Azad , Suraj Khanal , Daniel R. Herber , Gaofeng Jia

The amount of power generated by a wave farm depends on the Wave Energy Converter (WEC) arrangement along with the usual wave conditions. Therefore, forming the appropriate arrangement of WECs in an array is an important factor in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-30 Bhavana Burramukku

The design of optimal wave energy parks, namely, arrays of devices known as wave energy converters (WECs) that extract energy from water waves, is an important consideration for the renewable transition. In this paper, the problem of…

Wave energy converters (WECs) are a promising candidate for meeting the increasing energy demands of today's society. It is known that the sizing and power take-off (PTO) control of WEC devices have a major impact on their performance. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Saeed Azad , Daniel R. Herber

Wave energy technologies have the potential to play a significant role in the supply of renewable energy on a world scale. One of the most promising designs for wave energy converters (WECs) are fully submerged buoys. In this work, we…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Mehdi Neshat , Bradley Alexander , Markus Wagner

Floating hybrid wind-wave systems combine offshore wind platforms with wave energy converters (WECs) to create cost-effective and reliable energy solutions. Adequately designed and tuned WECs are essential to avoid unwanted loads disrupting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Mehdi Neshat , Nataliia Y. Sergiienko , Leandro S. P. da Silva , Seyedali Mirjalili , Amir H. Gandomi , Ossama Abdelkhalik , John Boland

This paper presents an auto-optimization control framework for wave energy converters (WECs) to maximize energy generation under unknown and changing ocean conditions. The proposed control framework consists of two levels. The high-level…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Siyang Tang , Wen-Hua Chen , Cunjia Liu

A generic formulation for the optimal control of a single wave-energy converter (WEC) is proposed. The formulation involves hard and soft constraints on the motion of the WEC to promote reduced damage and fatigue to the device during…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-16 Mertcan Yetkin , Sudharsan Kalidoss , Frank E. Curtis , Lawrence V. Snyder , Arindam Banerjee

Maximizing the durability and reliability of offshore wind farms is essential for the clean energy transition. In this work, we demonstrate how wave energy converter (WEC) farms can shelter offshore wind farms from cyclic wave loading,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-15 Olivia Vitale , Maha Haji

Offshore renewable energy systems offer promising solutions for sustainable power generation, yet most existing platforms harvest either wind or wave energy in isolation. This study presents a hybrid floating offshore platform that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Saeid Bayat , Jerry Zuo , Jing Sun

The aim of this work is to assess the influence of different degrees of adaptability of the power take-off (PTO) system on the power absorption of dense wave energy converter (WEC) arrays. The adaptability is included in simulations through…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Alva Bechlenberg , Yanji Wei , Bayu Jayawardhana , Antonis I. Vakis

This work presents a new computational optimization framework for the robust control of parks of Wave Energy Converters (WEC) in irregular waves. The power of WEC parks is maximized with respect to the individual control damping and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-31 Marco Gambarini , Gabriele Ciaramella , Edie Miglio , Tommaso Vanzan

Since intermittent and highly variable power supply is undesirable, quantifying power yield fluctuations of wave energy converters (WECs) aids with assessment of potential deployment sites. This paper presents analysis of 3-hourly, monthly,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Jana Orszaghova , Siane Lemoine , Harrif Santo , Paul H. Taylor , Adi Kurniawan , Nicholas McGrath , Wenhua Zhao , Michael V. W. Cuttler

Wave energy converters (WECs) represent an innovative technology for power generation from renewable sources (marine energy). Although there has been a great deal of research into such devices in recent decades, the power output of a single…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Marco Gambarini , Gabriele Ciaramella , Edie Miglio

The reactive Power Take Off (PTO) force is the key to maximizing mechanical power absorption and electric power generation of Wave Energy Converters (WECs) from ocean waves with variable frequency, but its study is limited due to its…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-15 Jingxin Zhang , Uzair Bin Tahir , Richard Manasseh
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