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Text word embeddings that encode distributional semantics work by modeling contextual similarities of frequently occurring words. Acoustic word embeddings, on the other hand, typically encode low-level phonetic similarities. Semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Mohammad Amaan Sayeed , Hanan Aldarmaki

This work presents a novel methodology for calculating the phonetic similarity between words taking motivation from the human perception of sounds. This metric is employed to learn a continuous vector embedding space that groups similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Rahul Sharma , Kunal Dhawan , Balakrishna Pailla

Measuring similarity between training examples is critical for curating high-quality and diverse pretraining datasets for language models. However, similarity is typically computed with a generic off-the-shelf embedding model that has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Dylan Sam , Ayan Chakrabarti , Afshin Rostamizadeh , Srikumar Ramalingam , Gui Citovsky , Sanjiv Kumar

In online conferencing applications, estimating the perceived quality of an audio signal is crucial to ensure high quality of experience for the end user. The most reliable way to assess the quality of a speech signal is through human…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Bastiaan Tamm , Rik Vandenberghe , Hugo Van hamme

Word embedding spaces are powerful tools for capturing latent semantic relationships between terms in corpora, and have become widely popular for building state-of-the-art natural language processing algorithms. However, studies have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Inom Mirzaev , Anthony Schulte , Michael Conover , Sam Shah

Various measures have been proposed to quantify human-like social biases in word embeddings. However, bias scores based on these measures can suffer from measurement error. One indication of measurement quality is reliability, concerning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Yupei Du , Qixiang Fang , Dong Nguyen

Word embeddings are effective intermediate representations for capturing semantic regularities between words, when learning the representations of text sequences. We propose to view text classification as a label-word joint embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Guoyin Wang , Chunyuan Li , Wenlin Wang , Yizhe Zhang , Dinghan Shen , Xinyuan Zhang , Ricardo Henao , Lawrence Carin

Word embeddings are computed by a class of techniques within natural language processing (NLP), that create continuous vector representations of words in a language from a large text corpus. The stochastic nature of the training process of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Lucas Rettenmeier

This paper proposes a guided speaker embedding extraction system, which extracts speaker embeddings of the target speaker using speech activities of target and interference speakers as clues. Several methods for long-form overlapped…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Shota Horiguchi , Takafumi Moriya , Atsushi Ando , Takanori Ashihara , Hiroshi Sato , Naohiro Tawara , Marc Delcroix

The versatility of word embeddings for various applications is attracting researchers from various fields. However, the impact of hyper-parameters when training embedding model is often poorly understood. How much do hyper-parameters such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Maryam Fanaeepour , Adam Makarucha , Jey Han Lau

Distributed language representation has become the most widely used technique for language representation in various natural language processing tasks. Most of the natural language processing models that are based on deep learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Martina Toshevska , Frosina Stojanovska , Jovan Kalajdjieski

Evaluation of musical source separation (MSS) has traditionally relied on Blind Source Separation Evaluation (BSS-Eval) metrics. However, recent work suggests that BSS-Eval metrics exhibit low correlation between metrics and perceptual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Paul A. Bereuter , Alois Sontacchi

Text embedding models from Natural Language Processing can map text data (e.g. words, sentences, documents) to supposedly meaningful numerical representations (a.k.a. text embeddings). While such models are increasingly applied in social…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Qixiang Fang , Dong Nguyen , Daniel L Oberski

We investigate unsupervised models that can map a variable-duration speech segment to a fixed-dimensional representation. In settings where unlabelled speech is the only available resource, such acoustic word embeddings can form the basis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Herman Kamper

Sense embedding learning methods learn different embeddings for the different senses of an ambiguous word. One sense of an ambiguous word might be socially biased while its other senses remain unbiased. In comparison to the numerous prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Yi Zhou , Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala

We propose a new method for speaker diarization that can handle overlapping speech with 2+ people. Our method is based on compositional embeddings [1]: Like standard speaker embedding methods such as x-vector [2], compositional embedding…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Zeqian Li , Jacob Whitehill

Many speech processing tasks involve measuring the acoustic similarity between speech segments. Acoustic word embeddings (AWE) allow for efficient comparisons by mapping speech segments of arbitrary duration to fixed-dimensional vectors.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Lisa van Staden , Herman Kamper

In embedding-matching acoustic-to-word (A2W) ASR, every word in the vocabulary is represented by a fixed-dimension embedding vector that can be added or removed independently of the rest of the system. The approach is potentially an elegant…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Hao Yen , Woojay Jeon

Cross-lingual word embeddings are vector representations of words in different languages where words with similar meaning are represented by similar vectors, regardless of the language. Recent developments which construct these embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Yerai Doval , Jose Camacho-Collados , Luis Espinosa-Anke , Steven Schockaert

The goal of this paper is to adapt speaker embeddings for solving the problem of speaker diarisation. The quality of speaker embeddings is paramount to the performance of speaker diarisation systems. Despite this, prior works in the field…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-08 Youngki Kwon , Jee-weon Jung , Hee-Soo Heo , You Jin Kim , Bong-Jin Lee , Joon Son Chung