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We review our semi-analytic model of stellar black hole (BH) mass growth by gas accretion in gas-rich stellar clusters during their birthstage within the first $\sim 10\,{\rm Myr}$ after the first stellar formation event. Such proto-stellar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-24 Zacharias Roupas

The growing catalog of gravitational-wave detections from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration reveals structure in the binary black hole (BBH) mass distribution, including peaks near m1 = 10 solar masses and m1 = 35 solar masses, a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Shanika Galaudage

Binary black hole (BBH) systems detected via gravitational-wave (GW) emission are a recently opened astrophysical frontier with many unknowns and uncertainties. Accurate reconstruction of the binary distribution with as few assumptions as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-22 Jam Sadiq , Thomas Dent , Mark Gieles

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed a population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that challenge existing black hole (BH) formation models. These newly observed BHs seem overmassive compared to the host galaxies and have an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-06 B. Reinoso , M. A. Latif , D. R. G. Schleicher

The observed samples of supernovae (SN) and double compact objects (DCOs) provide several critical constraints on population-synthesis models: the parameters of these models must be carefully chosen to reproduce, among other factors, (i)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 R. O'Shaughnessy , C. Kim , V. Kalogera , K. Belczynski

We study a new channel for binary system formation involving stars and stellar-mass primordial black holes (PBHs) embedded in dark matter (DM) minihalos. In this scenario, binaries form when a star passes through the DM minihalo surrounding…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-18 Nicolas Esser

We perform a simulation for merger of a black hole (BH)-neutron star (NS) binary in full general relativity preparing a quasicircular state as initial condition. The BH is modeled by a moving puncture with no spin and the NS by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Masaru Shibata , Koji Uryu

Among the compact objects observed in gravitational wave merger events a few have masses in the gap between the most massive neutron stars (NSs) and least massive black holes (BHs) known. Their nature and the formation of their merging…

Recent population synthesis simulations of Pop III stars suggest that the event rate of coalescence of $\sim 30M_\odot$--$30M_\odot$ binary black holes can be high enough for the detection by the second generation gravitational wave…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-24 Takashi Nakamura , Hiroyuki Nakano , Takahiro Tanaka

Astrophysically motivated population models for binary black hole observables are often insufficient to capture the imprints of multiple formation channels. This is mainly due to the strongly parametrized nature of such investigations.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-05 Anarya Ray , Ignacio Magaña Hernandez , Katelyn Breivik , Jolien Creighton

Young star clusters are dynamically active stellar systems and are a common birthplace for massive stars. Low-mass star clusters ($\sim{}300-10^3$ M$_\odot$) are more numerous than massive systems and are characterized by a two-body…

The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaborations have reported gravitational wave signals from more than 150 binary black holes in the fourth catalog (GWTC-4). Here, we investigate the population properties of these binary black holes using the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-31 Vaibhav Tiwari

The detection of an intermediate-mass black hole population ($10^2-10^6$ $M_{\odot}$) will provide clues to their formation environments (e.g., disks of active galactic nuclei, globular clusters) and illuminate a potential pathway to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-06 Avi Vajpeyi , Rory Smith , Eric Thrane , Gregory Ashton , Thomas Alford , Sierra Garza , Maximiliano Isi , Jonah Kanner , T. J. Massinger , Liting Xiao

The existence of black holes (BHs) with masses in the range between stellar remnants and supermassive BHs has only recently become unambiguously established. GW190521, a gravitational wave signal detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration,…

Gravitational wave detectors are observing an increasing number of binary black hole (BBH) mergers, revealing a bimodal mass distribution of BBHs, which hints at diverse formation histories for these systems. Using the rapid binary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-10 Lei Li , Guoliang Lv , Chunhua Zhu , Sufen Guo , Hongwei Ge , Weimin Gu , Zhuowen Li , Xiaolong He

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) occupy the $ 10^2 - 10^5\,M_\odot $ range, but their existence remains poorly constrained. Only a few candidates have been suggested in dwarf galaxies, globular clusters, and LIGO-Virgo-Kagra…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-10 Cristiano Ugolini

We introduce a novel black hole mass function which realistically models the physics of star formation and pair instability supernova with a minimal number of parameters. Applying this to all events in the LIGO-Virgo GWTC-2 catalog, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-11 Eric J. Baxter , Djuna Croon , Samuel D. McDermott , Jeremy Sakstein

We present our latest results for simulation for merger of black hole (BH)-neutron star (NS) binaries in full general relativity which is performed preparing a quasicircular state as initial condition. The BH is modeled by a moving puncture…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Masaru Shibata , Koji Uryu

We compute and present the distribution in mass of single and binary neutron stars, strange stars, and black holes. The calculations were performed using a stellar population synthesis code. We follow evolution of massive single stars as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Krzysztof Belczynski , Tomasz Bulik , Wlodzimierz Kluzniak

In a binary system, the gravitational potential of the primary black hole may play an important role in enhancing the fallback accretion onto the lighter compact object newly formed in the second supernova explosion. As a result, the final…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-17 Shao-Peng Tang , Yin-Jie Li , Yuan-Zhu Wang , Yi-Zhong Fan , Da-Ming Wei
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