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With the development of large-scale models, traditional distributed bilevel optimization algorithms cannot be applied directly in low-resource clients. The key reason lies in the excessive computation involved in optimizing both the lower-…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Mingyi Li , Xiao Zhang , Ruisheng Zheng , Hongjian Shi , Yuan Yuan , Xiuzhen Cheng , Dongxiao Yu

We combine the fields of heuristic optimization and optimal stopping. We propose a strategy for benchmarking randomized optimization algorithms that minimizes the expected total cost for obtaining a good solution with an optimal number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-07 Walter Vinci , Daniel A. Lidar

The rapid development of large language model (LLM) alignment algorithms has resulted in a complex and fragmented landscape, with limited clarity on the effectiveness of different methods and their inter-connections. This paper introduces…

Using entropy as a measure of heterogeneity to guide optimization has emerged as a crucial research direction in Reinforcement Learning for LLMs. However, existing methods typically treat it as a discrete filter or post-hoc regulator rather…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zheng Liu , Mengjie Liu , Siwei Wen , Mengzhang Cai , Bin Cui , Conghui He , Wentao Zhang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising approach to improve the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Among RLVR algorithms, Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) and its variants…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhaokang Liao , Yingguo Gao , Yi Yang , Yongheng Hu , Jingting Ding

Due to the high computational demands executing a rigorous comparison between hyperparameter optimization (HPO) methods is often cumbersome. The goal of this paper is to facilitate a better empirical evaluation of HPO methods by providing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Aaron Klein , Frank Hutter

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has been successfully used to align large language models (LLMs) according to human preferences, and more recently it has also been applied to improving the quality of text-to-image diffusion models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shivanshu Shekhar , Shreyas Singh , Tong Zhang

In decision-making problems, the outcome of an intervention often depends on the causal relationships between system components and is highly costly to evaluate. In such settings, causal Bayesian optimization (CBO) can exploit the causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-21 Shriya Bhatija , Paul-David Zuercher , Jakob Thumm , Thomas Bohné

This paper presents a novel and lightweight hyperparameter optimization (HPO) method, MOdular FActorial Design (MOFA). MOFA pursues several rounds of HPO, where each round alternates between exploration of hyperparameter space by factorial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Bo Xiong , Yimin Huang , Hanrong Ye , Steffen Staab , Zhenguo Li

When dealing with continuous single-objective problems, multimodality poses one of the biggest difficulties for global optimization. Local optima are often preventing algorithms from making progress and thus pose a severe threat. In this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Vera Steinhoff , Pascal Kerschke , Christian Grimme

This paper introduces ItsOPT, an inexact two-level smoothing optimization framework designed to find first-order critical points of nonsmooth and nonconvex functions. The framework involves two levels of methodologies: at the upper level, a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Alireza Kabgani , Masoud Ahookhosh

In this paper, we study a fixed-confidence, fixed-tolerance formulation of a class of stochastic bi-level optimization problems, where the upper-level problem selects from a finite set of systems based on a performance metric, and the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-20 Yuhao Wang , Seong-Hee Kim , Enlu Zhou

Recent advances have extended the scope of Bayesian optimization (BO) to expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions with dozens of dimensions, aspiring to unlock impactful applications, for example, in the life sciences, neural architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Leonard Papenmeier , Luigi Nardi , Matthias Poloczek

This paper introduces an interacting-particle optimization method tailored to possibly non-convex composite optimization problems, which arise widely in signal processing. The proposed method, \emph{ProxiCBO}, integrates consensus-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Haoyu Zhang , Yanting Ma , Ruangrawee Kitichotkul , Joshua Rapp , Petros Boufounos

Bilevel optimization is characterized by a two-level optimization structure, where the upper-level problem is constrained by optimal lower-level solutions, and such structures are prevalent in real-world problems. The constraint by optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ruth Wan Theng Chew , Quoc Phong Nguyen , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

The performance of constraint programming solvers is highly sensitive to the choice of their hyperparameters. Manually finding the best solver configuration is a difficult, time-consuming task that typically requires expert knowledge. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Hedieh Haddad , Thibault Falque , Pierre Talbot , Pascal Bouvry

Bilevel optimization is an important class of optimization problems where one optimization problem is nested within another. While various methods have emerged to address unconstrained general bilevel optimization problems, there has been a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-15 Nazanin Abolfazli , Ruichen Jiang , Aryan Mokhtari , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani

We propose a new family of multilevel methods for unconstrained minimization. The resulting strategies are multilevel extensions of high-order optimization methods based on q-order Taylor models (with q >= 1) that have been recently…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-10 Henri Calandra , Serge Gratton , Elisa Riccietti , Xavier Vasseur

This chapter provides an introduction to Hybrid High-Order (HHO) methods. These are new generation numerical methods for PDEs with several advantageous features: the support of arbitrary approximation orders on general polyhedral meshes,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-21 Daniele A. Di Pietro , Roberta Tittarelli

Software configuration tuning is essential for optimizing a given performance objective (e.g., minimizing latency). Yet, due to the software's intrinsically complex configuration landscape and expensive measurement, there has been a rather…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Pengzhou Chen , Tao Chen , Miqing Li
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