Related papers: Challenges in constructing genetic instruments for…
Signaling pathways serve to communicate information about extracellular conditions into the cell, to both the nucleus and cytoplasmic processes to control cell responses. Genetic mutations in signaling network components are frequently…
When genetic variants in a gene cluster are associated with a disease outcome, the causal pathway from the variants to the outcome can be difficult to disentangle. For example, the chemokine receptor gene cluster contains genetic variants…
The goal of cancer immunotherapy is to boost a patient's immune response to a tumor. Yet, the design of an effective immunotherapy is complicated by various factors, including a potentially immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,…
Phenomenological screening of small molecule libraries for anticancer activity yields potentially interesting candidate molecules, with a bottleneck in the determination of drug targets and the mechanism of anticancer action. A novel…
Cancer remains a global challenge due to its growing clinical and economic burden. Its uniquely personal manifestation, which makes treatment difficult, has fuelled the quest for personalized treatment strategies. Thus, genomic profiling is…
Identifying drivers of complex traits from the noisy signals of genetic variation obtained from high throughput genome sequencing technologies is a central challenge faced by human geneticists today. We hypothesize that the variants…
Understanding the genetic basis of complex traits is a longstanding challenge in the field of genomics. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of variant-trait associations, but most of these variants are located…
After the completion of human genome sequence was anounced, it is evident that interpretation of DNA sequences is an immediate task to work on. For understanding their signals, improvement of present sequence analysis tools and developing…
Cancer and healthy cells have distinct distributions of molecular properties and thus respond differently to drugs. Cancer drugs ideally kill cancer cells while limiting harm to healthy cells. However, the inherent variance among cells in…
Traditional instrumental variable (IV) estimators face a fundamental constraint: they can only accommodate as many endogenous treatment variables as available instruments. This limitation becomes particularly challenging in settings where…
Precision medicine stands as a transformative approach in healthcare, offering tailored treatments that can enhance patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. As understanding of complex disease improves, clinical trials are being…
Complex systems with tightly coadapted parts frequently appear in living systems and are difficult to account for through Darwinian evolution, that is random variation and natural selection, if the constituent parts are independently coded…
In medical sciences, a biomarker is "a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention". Molecular…
Fragment-based shape signature techniques have proven to be powerful tools for computer-aided drug design. They allow scientists to search for target molecules with some similarity to a known active compound. They do not require reference…
Despite considerable progress in genome- and proteome-based high-throughput screening methods and rational drug design, the number of successful single target drugs did not increase appreciably during the past decade. Network models suggest…
Tumor heterogeneity is a challenge to designing effective and targeted therapies. Glioma-type identification depends on specific molecular and histological features, which are defined by the official WHO classification CNS. These guidelines…
Mapping human genetic variation is fundamentally interesting in fields such as anthropology and forensic inference. At the same time patterns of genetic diversity confound efforts to determine the genetic basis of complex disease. Due to…
It is widely recognized nowadays that complex diseases are caused by, amongst the others, multiple genetic factors. The recent advent of genome-wide association study (GWA) has triggered a wave of research aimed at discovering genetic…
Gene finding is the task of identifying the locations of coding sequences within the vast amount of genetic code contained in the genome. With an ever increasing quantity of raw genome sequences, gene finding is an important avenue towards…
Profiling of whole transcriptomes has become a cornerstone of molecular biology and an invaluable tool for the characterization of clinical phenotypes and the identification of disease subtypes. Analyses of these data are becoming ever more…