English
Related papers

Related papers: The Local Group as a test system for Modified Newt…

200 papers

The total mass of the Local Group (LG) is a fundamental quantity that enables interpreting the orbits of its constituent galaxies and placing the LG in a cosmological context. One of the few methods that allows inferring the total mass…

The mass of the Local Group (LG), comprising the Milky Way (MW), Andromeda (M31), and their satellites, is crucial for validating galaxy formation and cosmological models. Traditional virial mass estimates, which rely on line-of-sight (LoS)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-04 David Benisty , David Mota

We present a novel approach based on Bayesian field-level inference capable of resolving individual galaxies within the Local Group (LG), enabling detailed studies of its structure and formation via posterior simulations. We extend the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-11-27 Ewoud Wempe , Guilhem Lavaux , Simon D. M. White , Amina Helmi , Jens Jasche , Stephen Stopyra

The rotation curves and the relative mass distributions of the two nearby Local Group spiral galaxies, M31 and M33, show discrepancies with Modified Newtonian dynamic (MOND) predictions. In M33 the discrepancy lies in the kinematics of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Edvige Corbelli , Paolo Salucci

This paper explores the effect of the LMC on the mass estimates obtained from the timing argument. We show that accounting for the presence of the LMC systematically lowers the Local Group mass ($M_{\rm LG}$) derived from the relative…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-02 Jorge Peñarrubia , Facundo A. Gómez , Gurtina Besla , Denis Erkal , Yin-Zhe Ma

The dynamics of the Local Group and its environment provide a unique challenge to cosmological models. The velocity field within 5h-1 Mpc of the Local Group (LG) is extremely ``cold''. The deviation from a pure Hubble flow, characterized by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 F. Governato , B. Moore , R. Cen , J. Stadel , G. Lake , T. Quinn

The kinematics of the Milky Way (MW) and M31, the dominant galaxies in the Local Group (LG), can be used to estimate the LG total mass. New results on the M31 proper motion have recently been used to improve that estimate. Those results are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 J. E. Forero-Romero , D. Sierra-Porta

We study the dynamics of the Magellanic Clouds in a model for the Local Group whose mass is constrained using the timing argument/two-body limit of the action principle. The goal is to evaluate the role of M31 in generating the high angular…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-07-22 Nitya Kallivayalil , Gurtina Besla , Robyn Sanderson , Charles Alcock

We attempt to fit the observed radial velocities (RVs) of ${\,{\sim}\,}30$ Local Group (LG) galaxies using a 3D dynamical model of it and its immediate environment within the context of the standard cosmological paradigm, $\Lambda$CDM. This…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-05 Indranil Banik , Hongsheng Zhao

The timing argument (TA) aims to find the total mass of the Local Group (LG) from the relative motions of the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda Galaxy (M31). However, the classical TA always overestimates the LG mass, presumably because it does…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-28 Istiak Akib , François Hammer , Yanbin Yang

We identify Local Group (LG) analogs in the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulation, and use these to study two mass estimators for the LG: one based on the timing argument (TA) and one based on the virial theorem (VT). Including updated…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-06 Odelia V. Hartl , Louis E. Strigari

We use new measurements of the M31 proper motion to examine the Milky Way (MW) - M31 orbit and angular momentum. For Local Group (LG) mass consistent with measured values, and assuming the system evolves in isolation, we show a wide range…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-23 Odelia V. Hartl , Louis E. Strigari

We attempt to understand the planes of satellite galaxies orbiting the Milky Way (MW) and M31 in the context of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), which implies a close MW-M31 flyby occurred ${\approx 8}$ Gyr ago. Using the timing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-05 Indranil Banik , David O'Ryan , Hongsheng Zhao

I discuss Local Group galaxies from the perspective of external galaxies that define benchmark scaling relations. Making use of this information leads to a model for the Milky Way that includes bumps and wiggles due to spiral arms. This…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-02 Stacy McGaugh

In this thesis, we use the motion of the Local Group of galaxies (LG) through the Universe to measure the cosmological parameter of non-relativistic matter density, Omega_m. For that purpose, we compare the peculiar velocity of the LG with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-10 Maciej Bilicki

The Timing Argument connects the motion of a two-body system to its mass in an expanding Universe with a finite age, under the assumption that it has evolved on a self-gravitating orbit. It is commonly applied to the present-day Milky…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-21 Till Sawala , Jorge Peñarrubia , Shihong Liao , Peter H. Johansson

The Local Group (LG) consists of two giant spiral galaxies, the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31), and several smaller galaxies. The MW and M31 are approaching each other at a radial velocity of about $-109\,$km\,s$^{-1}$. Observational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-30 Luis Biaus , Sebastián E. Nuza , Cecilia Scannapieco

We recently showed that several Local Group (LG) galaxies have much higher radial velocities (RVs) than predicted by a 3D dynamical model of the standard cosmological paradigm. Here, we show that 6 of these 7 galaxies define a thin plane…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-30 Indranil Banik , Hongsheng Zhao

Modified Gravity (MOG) and Non-Local Gravity (NLG) are two alternative theories to General Relativity. They are able to explain the rotation curves of spiral galaxies and clusters of galaxies without including dark matter (Moffat & Rahvar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-09 M. H. Zhoolideh Haghighi , S. Rahvar

Unveiling the fundamental nature of non-baryonic dark matter (DM) has profound implications for our understanding of the Universe and of the physical laws that govern it. Its manifestation as an additional source of matter necessary to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-17 G. Battaglia , J. M. Arroyo Polonio , R. Pascale , M. Benito , R. Leaman , G. Thomas