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For a group $\Gamma$, a $\Gamma$-labelled graph is an undirected graph $G$ where every orientation of an edge is assigned an element of $\Gamma$ so that opposite orientations of the same edge are assigned inverse elements. A path in $G$ is…

We prove that the set of long cycles has the edge-Erd\H{o}s-P\'osa property: for every fixed integer $\ell\ge 3$ and every $k\in\mathbb{N}$, every graph $G$ either contains $k$ edge-disjoint cycles of length at least $\ell$ (long cycles) or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-31 Henning Bruhn , Matthias Heinlein , Felix Joos

Given a graph, does there exist an orientation of the edges such that the resulting directed graph is strongly connected? Robbins' theorem [Robbins, Am. Math. Monthly, 1939] states that such an orientation exists if and only if the graph is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Anders Aamand , Niklas Hjuler , Jacob Holm , Eva Rotenberg

Let $H$ be a planar graph. By a classical result of Robertson and Seymour, there is a function $f:\mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{R}$ such that for all $k \in \mathbb{N}$ and all graphs $G$, either $G$ contains $k$ vertex-disjoint subgraphs each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-25 Wouter Cames van Batenburg , Tony Huynh , Gwenaël Joret , Jean-Florent Raymond

We prove that there exist functions $f,g:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}$ such that for all nonnegative integers $k$ and $d$, for every graph $G$, either $G$ contains $k$ cycles such that vertices of different cycles have distance greater than $d$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Vida Dujmović , Gwenaël Joret , Piotr Micek , Pat Morin

Given a graph $H$, we denote by ${\cal M}(H)$ all graphs that can be contracted to $H$. The following extension of the Erd\H{o}s-P\'osa Theorem holds: for every $h$-vertex planar graph $H$, there exists a function $f_{H}$ such that every…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Jean-Florent Raymond , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

The Cycle Packing problem asks whether a given undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ contains $k$ vertex-disjoint cycles. Since the publication of the classic Erd\H{o}s-P\'osa theorem in 1965, this problem received significant scientific attention in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Daniel Lokshtanov , Amer E. Mouawad , Saket Saurabh , Meirav Zehavi

In this paper we provide some sufficient conditions for the existence of an odd or even cycle that passing a given vertex or an edge in $2$-connected or $2$-edge connected graphs. We provide some similar conditions for the existence of an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-12-09 Saieed Akbari , Khashayar Etemadi , Peyman Ezzati , Mehrdad Ghadiri

We prove that for every set $S$ of vertices of a directed graph $D$, the maximum number of vertices in $S$ contained in a collection of vertex-disjoint cycles in $D$ is at least the minimum size of a set of vertices that hits all cycles…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Nathan Bowler , Ebrahim Ghorbani , Florian Gut , Raphael W. Jacobs , Florian Reich

In this paper we generalise the even directed cycle problem, which asks whether a given digraph contains a directed cycle of even length, to orientations of regular matroids. We define non-even oriented matroids generalising non-even…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Karl Heuer , Raphael Steiner , Sebastian Wiederrecht

Many applications in graph theory are motivated by routing or flow problems. Among these problems is Steiner Orientation: given a mixed graph G (having directed and undirected edges) and a set T of k terminal pairs in G, is there an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Moritz Beck , Johannes Blum , Myroslav Kryven , Andre Löffler , Johannes Zink

A doubly group-labeled graph is an oriented graph with its edges labeled by elements of the direct sum of two groups $\Gamma_1,\Gamma_2$. A cycle in a doubly group-labeled graph is $(\Gamma_1,\Gamma_2)$-non-zero if it is non-zero in both…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-29 Tony Huynh , Felix Joos , Paul Wollan

The study of graph discrepancy problems, initiated by Erd\H{o}s in the 1960s, has received renewed attention in recent years. In general, given a $2$-edge-coloured graph $G$, one is interested in embedding a copy of a graph $H$ in $G$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-28 Andrea Freschi , Allan Lo

A new efficient algorithm is presented for finding all simple cycles that satisfy a length constraint in a directed graph. When the number of vertices is non-trivial, most cycle-finding problems are of practical interest for sparse graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Anshul Gupta , Toyotaro Suzumura

It is conjectured that every edge-colored complete graph $G$ on $n$ vertices satisfying $\Delta^{mon}(G)\leq n-3k+1$ contains $k$ vertex-disjoint properly edge-colored cycles. We confirm this conjecture for $k=2$, prove several additional…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-30 Ruonan Li , Hajo Broersma , Shenggui Zhang

In 1974, Erd\H{o}s posed the following problem. Given an oriented graph $H$, determine or estimate the maximum possible number of $H$-free orientations of an $n$-vertex graph. When $H$ is a tournament, the answer was determined precisely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Matija Bucić , Oliver Janzer , Benny Sudakov

A classical theorem of Ghouila-Houri from 1960 asserts that every directed graph on $n$ vertices with minimum out-degree and in-degree at least $n/2$ contains a directed Hamilton cycle. In this paper we extend this theorem to a random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-21 Dan Hefetz , Angelika Steger , Benny Sudakov

For a directed graph $G$ without loops or parallel edges, let $\beta(G)$ denote the size of the smallest feedback arc set, i.e., the smallest subset $X \subset E(G)$ such that $G \sm X$ has no directed cycles. Let $\gamma(G)$ be the number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-09-29 Jacob Fox , Peter Keevash , Benny Sudakov

Let $k$ be a positive integer. A $k$-cycle-factor of an oriented graph is a set of disjoint cycles of length $k$ that covers all vertices of the graph. In this paper, we prove that there exists a positive constant $c$ such that for $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Zhilan Wang , Jin Yan , Jie Zhang

A weighted (directed) graph is a (directed) graph with integer weights assigned to its vertices and edges. The weight of a subgraph is the sum of weights of vertices and edges in the subgraph. The problem of determining the largest order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Ajit A. Diwan