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Recommender Systems (RS) often suffer from popularity bias, where a small set of popular items dominate the recommendation results due to their high interaction rates, leaving many less popular items overlooked. This phenomenon…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Juno Prent , Masoud Mansoury

Items popularity is a strong signal in recommendation algorithms. It strongly affects collaborative filtering approaches and it has been proven to be a very good baseline in terms of results accuracy. Even though we miss an actual…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Vito Walter Anelli , Tommaso Di Noia , Eugenio Di Sciascio , Azzurra Ragone , Joseph Trotta

Recommendation algorithms are known to suffer from popularity bias; a few popular items are recommended frequently while the majority of other items are ignored. These recommendations are then consumed by the users, their reaction will be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Masoud Mansoury , Himan Abdollahpouri , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Bamshad Mobasher , Robin Burke

Many recommendation algorithms suffer from popularity bias: a small number of popular items being recommended too frequently, while other items get insufficient exposure. Research in this area so far has concentrated on a one-shot…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Himan Abdollahpouri , Robin Burke

While popularity bias is recognized to play a crucial role in recommmender (and other ranking-based) systems, detailed analysis of its impact on collective user welfare has largely been lacking. We propose and theoretically analyze a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Guy Tennenholtz , Martin Mladenov , Nadav Merlis , Robert L. Axtell , Craig Boutilier

Recommender systems often suffer from popularity bias, where popular items are overly recommended while sacrificing unpopular items. Existing researches generally focus on ensuring the number of recommendations exposure of each item is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Yuanhao Liu , Qi Cao , Huawei Shen , Yunfan Wu , Shuchang Tao , Xueqi Cheng

Point-of-interest (POI) recommender systems help users discover relevant locations, but their effectiveness is often compromised by popularity bias, which disadvantages less popular, yet potentially meaningful places. This paper addresses…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Andrea Forster , Simone Kopeinik , Denic Helic , Stefan Thalmann , Dominik Kowald

Popularity bias is the idea that a recommender system will unduly favor popular artists when recommending artists to users. As such, they may contribute to a winner-take-all marketplace in which a small number of artists receive nearly all…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Douglas R. Turnbull , Sean McQuillan , Vera Crabtree , John Hunter , Sunny Zhang

Popularity bias in recommender systems can increase cultural overrepresentation by favoring norms from dominant cultures and marginalizing underrepresented groups. This issue is critical for platforms offering cultural products, as they…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Armin Moradi , Nicola Neophytou , Florian Carichon , Golnoosh Farnadi

Fairness in recommender systems has recently received attention from researchers. Unfair recommendations have negative impact on the effectiveness of recommender systems as it may degrade users' satisfaction, loyalty, and at worst, it can…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Masoud Mansoury , Himan Abdollahpouri , Joris Rombouts , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Popularity bias is a pervasive problem in recommender systems, where recommendations disproportionately favor popular items. This not only results in "rich-get-richer" dynamics and a homogenization of visible content, but can also lead to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Mona Schirmer , Anton Thielmann , Pola Schwöbel , Thomas Martynec , Giuseppe Di Benedetto , Ben London , Yannik Stein

We propose a simple model of an idealized online cultural market in which $N$ items, endowed with a hidden quality metric, are recommended to users by a ranking algorithm possibly biased by the current items' popularity. Our goal is to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Rossano Gaeta , Michele Garetto , Giancarlo Ruffo , Alessandro Flammini

The idea of calibrated recommendations is that the properties of the items that are suggested to users should match the distribution of their individual past preferences. Calibration techniques are therefore helpful to ensure that the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Diego Corrêa da Silva , Dietmar Jannach

Multimedia recommender systems suggest media items, e.g., songs, (digital) books and movies, to users by utilizing concepts of traditional recommender systems such as collaborative filtering. In this paper, we investigate a potential issue…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Dominik Kowald , Emanuel Lacic

Popularity bias and positivity bias are two prominent sources of bias in recommender systems. Both arise from input data, propagate through recommendation models, and lead to unfair or suboptimal outcomes. Popularity bias occurs when a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Masoud Mansoury , Jin Huang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Herke van Hoof , Maarten de Rijke

Recommender systems usually learn user interests from various user behaviors, including clicks and post-click behaviors (e.g., like and favorite). However, these behaviors inevitably exhibit popularity bias, leading to some unfairness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Xi Wang , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Wenge Rong , Chuantao Yin , Zhang Xiong

Recent research has suggested different metrics to measure the inconsistency of recommendation performance, including the accuracy difference between user groups, miscalibration, and popularity lift. However, a study that relates…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Dominik Kowald , Gregor Mayr , Markus Schedl , Elisabeth Lex

Popularity bias occurs when popular items are recommended far more frequently than they should be, negatively impacting both user experience and recommendation accuracy. Existing debiasing methods mitigate popularity bias often uniformly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Shiyin Tan , Dongyuan Li , Renhe Jiang , Zhen Wang , Xingtong Yu , Manabu Okumura

Recommendation algorithms are susceptible to popularity bias: a tendency to recommend popular items even when they fail to meet user needs. A related issue is that the recommendation quality can vary by demographic groups. Marginalized…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Nicola Neophytou , Bhaskar Mitra , Catherine Stinson

Popularity bias in music recommendation systems -- where artists and tracks with the highest listen counts are recommended more often -- can also propagate biases along demographic and cultural axes. In this work, we identify these biases…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Armin Moradi , Nicola Neophytou , Golnoosh Farnadi