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Data protection laws such as GDPR aim to give users unprecedented control over their personal data. Compliance with these regulations requires systematically considering information flow and interactions among entities handling sensitive…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Chinmayi Prabhu Baramashetru , Paola Giannini , Silvia Lizeth Tapia Tarifa , Olaf Owe

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) aims to ensure that all personal data processing activities are fair and transparent for the European Union (EU) citizens, regardless of whether these are carried out within the EU or anywhere…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Danny S. Guamán , Xavier Ferrer , Jose M. del Alamo , Jose Such

The use of software applications is inevitable as they provide different services to users. The software applications collect, store users' data, and sometimes share with the third party, even without the user consent. One can argue that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Abdulrahman Alhazmi , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

When building machine learning models using sensitive data, organizations should ensure that the data processed in such systems is adequately protected. For projects involving machine learning on personal data, Article 35 of the GDPR…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Sasi Kumar Murakonda , Reza Shokri

As electronic data becomes the lifeline of modern society, privacy concerns increase. These concerns are reflected by the European Union's enactment of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), one of the most comprehensive and robust…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Saurav K. Aryal , Peter A. Keiller

The Internet of Things (IoT) raises specific issues in terms of information and consent, which makes the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) challenging in this context. In this report, we propose a generic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Mathieu Cunche , Daniel Le Métayer , Victor Morel

Privacy Policies are the legal documents that describe the practices that an organization or company has adopted in the handling of the personal data of its users. But as policies are a legal document, they are often written in extensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Ayesha Qamar , Tehreem Javed , Mirza Omer Beg

Privacy regulations often necessitate a balance between safeguarding consumer privacy and preventing economic losses for firms that utilize consumer data. However, little empirical evidence exists on how such laws affect firm performance.…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-19 Klaus M. Miller , Julia Schmitt , Bernd Skiera

Modern privacy regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), address privacy in software systems in a technologically agnostic way by mentioning general "technical measures" for data privacy compliance rather than…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Oleksandra Klymenko , Oleksandr Kosenkov , Stephen Meisenbacher , Parisa Elahidoost , Daniel Mendez , Florian Matthes

Ensuring transparency of data practices related to personal information is a core requirement of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). However, large-scale compliance assessment remains challenging due to the complexity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Thomas Cory , Wolf Rieder , Julia Krämer , Philip Raschke , Patrick Herbke , Axel Küpper

Since GDPR came into force in May 2018, companies have worked on their data practices to comply with this privacy law. In particular, since the privacy policy is the essential communication channel for users to understand and control their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Tamjid Al Rahat , Tu Le , Yuan Tian

Privacy protection laws, such as the GDPR, grant individuals the right to request the forgetting of their personal data not only from databases but also from machine learning (ML) models trained on them. Machine unlearning has emerged as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Najeeb Jebreel , David Sánchez

The Indian Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 provides a legal framework for protecting personal data. It is modeled after the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR). We present a detailed description of the Bill, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Ram Govind Singh , Sushmita Ruj

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) poses enormous challenges on companies and organizations with respect to understanding, implementing, and maintaining the contained constraints. We report on how the ConRelMiner method can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Karolin Winter , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma

Ensuring compliance with international data protection standards for privacy and data security is a crucial but complex task, often requiring substantial legal expertise. This paper introduces LegiLM, a novel legal language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Linkai Zhu , Lu Yang , Chaofan Li , Shanwen Hu , Lu Liu , Bin Yin

The emergence of big data, AI and machine learning has allowed sellers and online platforms to tailor pricing for customers in real-time. While online algorithmic pricing can increase efficiency, market welfare, and optimize pricing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zihao Li

The European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which went into effect in May 2018, leads to important changes in this area: companies are now required to ask for users' consent before collecting and sharing personal data and by law…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Tobias Urban , Dennis Tatang , Martin Degeling , Thorsten Holz , Norbert Pohlmann

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) gives control of personal data back to the owners by appointing higher requirements and obligations on service providers who manage and process personal data. As the verification of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Nguyen Binh Truong , Kai Sun , Gyu Myoung Lee , Yike Guo

The Accountability Principle of the GDPR requires that an organisation can demonstrate compliance with the regulations. A survey of GDPR compliance software solutions shows significant gaps in their ability to demonstrate compliance. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Paul Ryan , Martin Crane , Rob Brennan

Policymakers worldwide draft privacy laws that require trading-off between safeguarding consumer privacy and preventing economic loss to companies that use consumer data. However, little empirical knowledge exists as to how privacy laws…

General Economics · Economics 2021-10-20 Julia Schmitt , Klaus M. Miller , Bernd Skiera