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Related papers: Unveiling the Planet Population at Birth

200 papers

In this short review, we summarize our present understanding (and non-understanding) of exoplanet formation, structure and evolution, in the light of the most recent discoveries. Recent observations of transiting massive brown dwarfs seem…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 G. Chabrier , J. Leconte , I. Baraffe

The existence of a Radius Valley in the Kepler size distribution stands as one of the most important observational constraints to understand the origin and composition of exoplanets with radii between that of Earth and Neptune. The goal of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 Julia Venturini , Octavio M. Guilera , Jonas Haldemann , M. Paula Ronco , Christoph Mordasini

Context. Within the core accretion scenario of planetary formation, most simulations performed so far always assume the accreting envelope to have a solar composition. From the study of meteorite showers on Earth and numerical simulations,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 J. Venturini , Y. Alibert , W. Benz , M. Ikoma

Under the core-accretion model, gas giants form via runaway accretion. This process starts when the mass of the accreted envelope becomes equal to the mass of the core. Here, we model a population of warm sub-Saturns to search for imprints…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Luis Thomas , Louise D. Nielsen , Lorena Acuña-Aguirre , Alex Cridland

Identification of the main planet formation site is fundamental to understanding how planets form and migrate to the current locations. We consider the heavy-element content trend of observed exoplanets derived from improved measurements of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 Yasuhiro Hasegawa , Bradley M. S. Hansen , Gautam Vasisht

The potentially important role of stellar irradiation in envelope removal for planets with diameters of $\lessapprox$ 2 R$_{\Earth}$ has been inferred both through theoretical work and the observed bimodal distribution of small planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-04 Mark Swain , Raissa Estrela , Christophe Sotin , Gael Roudier , Robert Zellem

The rate at which giant planets accumulate solids and gas is a critical component of planet formation models, yet it is extremely challenging to predict from first principles. Characterizing the heavy element (everything other than hydrogen…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-14 Yayaati Chachan , Jonathan J. Fortney , Kazumasa Ohno , Daniel Thorngren , Ruth Murray-Clay

The apparent dependence of detection frequency of extrasolar planets on the metallicity of their host stars is investigated with Monte Carlo simulations using a deterministic core-accretion planet formation model. According to this model,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-18 S. Ida , D. N. C. Lin

Water is an important component of exoplanets, with its distribution, i.e., whether at the surface or deep inside, fundamentally influencing the planetary properties. The distribution of water in most exoplanets is determined by yet-unknown…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-17 Haiyang Luo , Caroline Dorn , Jie Deng

We investigate the influence of photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs on the final distribution of exoplanets semi-major axis distances. We model giant planet migration in viscous discs affected by photoevaporation driven by either pure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Barbara Ercolano , Giovanni Rosotti

Exoplanetary systems that contain multiple planets on short-period orbits appear to be prevalent in the current observed exoplanetary population, yet the processes that give rise to such configurations remain poorly understood. A common…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-30 Raluca Rufu , Robin M. Canup

The opacity due to grains in the envelope of a protoplanet regulates the accretion rate of gas during formation, thus the final bulk composition of planets with primordial H/He is a function of it. Observationally, for exoplanets with known…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-02 C. Mordasini , H. Klahr , Y. Alibert , N. Miller , T. Henning

In this paper we investigate the formation of Uranus and Neptune, according to the core-nucleated accretion model, considering formation locations ranging from 12 to 30 AU from the Sun, and with various disk solid-surface densities and core…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Ravit Helled , Peter Bodenheimer

Since the mass loss rates are the function of the mean density of the planet and the stellar irradiation, we calculated about 450 models covering planets with different densities and stellar irradiation. Our results show that the mass loss…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Dongdong Yan , Jianheng Guo

The Kepler Mission has found thousands of planetary candidates with radii between 1 and 4 R$_\oplus$. These planets have no analogues in our own Solar System, providing an unprecedented opportunity to understand the range and distribution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-25 Angie Wolfgang , Eric Lopez

Kepler has found hundreds of Neptune-size (2-6 R_Earth) planet candidates within 0.5 AU of their stars. The nature of the vast majority of these planets is not known because their masses have not been measured. Using theoretical models of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Leslie A. Rogers , Peter Bodenheimer , Jack J. Lissauer , Sara Seager

The known extrasolar multiple-planet systems share a surprising dynamical attribute: they cluster just beyond the Hill stability boundary. Here we show that the planet-planet scattering model, which naturally explains the observed exoplanet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Sean N. Raymond , Rory Barnes , Dimitri Veras , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick , Richard Greenberg

Direct and statistical observational evidences suggest that photoevaporation is important in eroding the atmosphere of sub-Neptune planets. We construct full hydrodynamic simulations, coupled with consistent thermochemistry and ray-tracing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-11 Lile Wang , Fei Dai

Constraining planet formation based on the atmospheric composition of exoplanets is a fundamental goal of the exoplanet community. Existing studies commonly try to constrain atmospheric abundances, or to analyze what abundance patterns a…

Sub-Neptune-sized exoplanets represent one of the most common types of planets in the Milky Way, yet many of their properties are unknown. Here, we present a prescription to adapt the capabilities of the stellar evolution toolkit Modules…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Howard Chen , Leslie A. Rogers