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It has been widely recognized that adversarial examples can be easily crafted to fool deep networks, which mainly root from the locally non-linear behavior nearby input examples. Applying mixup in training provides an effective mechanism to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Tianyu Pang , Kun Xu , Jun Zhu

While significant research advances have been made in the field of deep reinforcement learning, there have been no concrete adversarial attack strategies in literature tailored for studying the vulnerability of deep reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Maziar Gomrokchi , Susan Amin , Hossein Aboutalebi , Alexander Wong , Doina Precup

Adversarial training was introduced as a way to improve the robustness of deep learning models to adversarial attacks. This training method improves robustness against adversarial attacks, but increases the models vulnerability to privacy…

Tabular data typically contains private and important information; thus, precautions must be taken before they are shared with others. Although several methods (e.g., differential privacy and k-anonymity) have been proposed to prevent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Jihyeon Hyeong , Jayoung Kim , Noseong Park , Sushil Jajodia

While person Re-identification (Re-ID) has progressed rapidly due to its wide real-world applications, it also causes severe risks of leaking personal information from training data. Thus, this paper focuses on quantifying this risk by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Junyao Gao , Xinyang Jiang , Huishuai Zhang , Yifan Yang , Shuguang Dou , Dongsheng Li , Duoqian Miao , Cheng Deng , Cairong Zhao

Data augmentation is a widely used training trick in deep learning to improve the network generalization ability. Despite many encouraging results, several recent studies did point out limitations of the conventional data augmentation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yi Xu , Asaf Noy , Ming Lin , Qi Qian , Hao Li , Rong Jin

Federated learning is a technique that allows multiple entities to collaboratively train models using their data without compromising data privacy. However, despite its advantages, federated learning can be susceptible to false data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Or Shalom , Amir Leshem , Waheed U. Bajwa

Model Inversion Attacks (MIAs) pose a significant threat to data privacy by reconstructing sensitive training samples from the knowledge embedded in trained machine learning models. Despite recent progress in enhancing the effectiveness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hongyao Yu , Yixiang Qiu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Bin Chen , Sijin Yu , Bin Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

The increasing reliance on diffusion models for generating synthetic images has amplified concerns about the unauthorized use of personal data, particularly facial images, in model training. In this paper, we introduce a novel identity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jayneel Vora , Aditya Krishnan , Nader Bouacida , Prabhu RV Shankar , Prasant Mohapatra

We present two information leakage attacks that outperform previous work on membership inference against generative models. The first attack allows membership inference without assumptions on the type of the generative model. Contrary to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Benjamin Hilprecht , Martin Härterich , Daniel Bernau

Large capacity machine learning (ML) models are prone to membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether the target sample is a member of the target model's training dataset. The serious privacy concerns due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Virat Shejwalkar , Amir Houmansadr

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) pose a critical threat to the privacy of training data in deep learning. Despite significant progress in attack methodologies, our understanding of when and how models encode membership information during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuetian Chen , Zhiqi Wang , Nathalie Baracaldo , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Lei Yu

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) infer whether a data point is in the training data of a machine learning model. It is a threat while being in the training data is private information of a data point. MIA correctly infers some data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Mauro Conti , Jiaxin Li , Stjepan Picek

With the emergence of powerful large-scale foundation models, the training paradigm is increasingly shifting from from-scratch training to transfer learning. This enables high utility training with small, domain-specific datasets typical in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yuxuan Bai , Gauri Pradhan , Marlon Tobaben , Antti Honkela

Public resources and services (e.g., datasets, training platforms, pre-trained models) have been widely adopted to ease the development of Deep Learning-based applications. However, if the third-party providers are untrusted, they can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Han Qiu , Yi Zeng , Shangwei Guo , Tianwei Zhang , Meikang Qiu , Bhavani Thuraisingham

Predictive machine learning models are becoming increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts involving sensitive personal data; in these contexts, there is a trade-off between model explainability and data privacy. In this work, we push…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Catherine Huang , Martin Pawelczyk , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Machine unlearning enables the removal of specific data from ML models to uphold the right to be forgotten. While approximate unlearning algorithms offer efficient alternatives to full retraining, this work reveals that they fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yaxin Xiao , Qingqing Ye , Li Hu , Huadi Zheng , Haibo Hu , Zi Liang , Haoyang Li , Yijie Jiao

Image AutoRegressive generation has emerged as a new powerful paradigm with image autoregressive models (IARs) matching state-of-the-art diffusion models (DMs) in image quality (FID: 1.48 vs. 1.58) while allowing for a higher generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Antoni Kowalczuk , Jan Dubiński , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic

A Membership Inference Attack (MIA) assesses how much a target machine learning model reveals about its training data by determining whether specific query instances were part of the training set. State-of-the-art MIAs rely on training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yuntao Du , Yuetian Chen , Hanshen Xiao , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

In order to reduce overfitting, neural networks are typically trained with data augmentation, the practice of artificially generating additional training data via label-preserving transformations of existing training examples. While these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Cecilia Summers , Michael J. Dinneen