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In causal inference, estimating the average treatment effect is a central objective, and in the context of competing risks data, this effect can be quantified by the cause-specific cumulative incidence function (CIF) difference. While…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-27 Yifei Tian , Ying Wu

Consider semiparametric estimation where a doubly robust estimating function for a low-dimensional parameter is available, depending on two working models. With high-dimensional data, we develop regularized calibrated estimation as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-28 Satyajit Ghosh , Zhiqiang Tan

In modern large-scale observational studies, data collection constraints often result in partially labeled datasets, posing challenges for reliable causal inference, especially due to potential labeling bias and relatively small size of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-22 Yuqian Zhang , Abhishek Chakrabortty , Jelena Bradic

Observational cohort studies are increasingly being used for comparative effectiveness research to assess the safety of therapeutics. Recently, various doubly robust methods have been proposed for average treatment effect estimation by…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-11 Xiaoqing Tan , Shu Yang , Wenyu Ye , Douglas E. Faries , Ilya Lipkovich , Zbigniew Kadziola

We study moment-based estimation with two sequentially collected variables subject to non-monotone missingness. The commonly used Missing at Random (MAR) assumption requiring all missingness mechanisms to depend on the same fully observed…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-29 Shenshen Yang

This paper develops a methodology for robust Bayesian inference through the use of disparities. Metrics such as Hellinger distance and negative exponential disparity have a long history in robust estimation in frequentist inference. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-11-28 Giles Hooker , Anand Vidyashankar

We introduce a robust optimization model consisting in a family of perturbation functions giving rise to certain pairs of dual optimization problems in which the dual variable depends on the uncertainty parameter. The interest of our…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Nguyen Dinh , Miguel A. Goberna , Marco A. López , Michel Volle

The vast majority of literature on evaluating the significance of a treatment effect based on observational data has been confined to discrete treatments. These methods are not applicable to drawing inference for a continuous treatment,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-23 Charles R. Doss , Guangwei Weng , Lan Wang , Ira Moscovice , Tongtan Chantarat

We consider the problem of estimating the finite population mean $\bar{Y}$ of an outcome variable $Y$ using data from a nonprobability sample and auxiliary information from a probability sample. Existing double robust (DR) estimators of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-30 Shaun Seaman

Doubly robust estimators are widely used for estimating average treatment effects and other linear summaries of regression functions. While consistency requires only one of two nuisance functions to be estimated consistently, asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-01 Lars van der Laan , Alex Luedtke , Marco Carone

After variable selection, standard inferential procedures for regression parameters may not be uniformly valid; there is no finite-sample size at which a standard test is guaranteed to approximately attain its nominal size. This problem is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-07 Oliver Dukes , Vahe Avagyan , Stijn Vansteelandt

Examples of "doubly robust" estimator for missing data include augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPWT) models (Robins et al., 1994) and penalized splines of propensity prediction (PSPP) models (Zhang and Little, 2009). Doubly-robust…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-16 Yaoyuan V. Tan , Carol A. C. Flannagan , Michael R. Elliott

Consider estimating the G-formula for the counterfactual mean outcome under a given treatment regime in a longitudinal study. Bang and Robins provided an estimator for this quantity that relies on a sequential regression formulation of this…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-18 Alexander R. Luedtke , Oleg Sofrygin , Mark J. van der Laan , Marco Carone

We introduce the Strategic Doubly Robust (SDR) estimator, a novel framework that integrates strategic equilibrium modeling with doubly robust estimation for causal inference in strategic environments. SDR addresses endogenous treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sibo Xiao

Causal inference, or counterfactual prediction, is central to decision making in healthcare, policy and social sciences. To de-bias causal estimators with high-dimensional data in observational studies, recent advances suggest the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-20 Shuxi Zeng , Serge Assaad , Chenyang Tao , Shounak Datta , Lawrence Carin , Fan Li

We consider the problem of distributionally robust multimodal machine learning. Existing approaches often rely on merging modalities on the feature level (early fusion) or heuristic uncertainty modeling, which downplays modality-aware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Peilin Yang , Yu Ma

This paper reviews, applies and extends recently proposed methods based on Double Machine Learning (DML) with a focus on program evaluation under unconfoundedness. DML based methods leverage flexible prediction models to adjust for…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-06-06 Michael C. Knaus

As in other estimation scenarios, likelihood based estimation in the normal mixture set-up is highly non-robust against model misspecification and presence of outliers (apart from being an ill-posed optimization problem). A robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-20 Soumya Chakraborty , Ayanendranath Basu , Abhik Ghosh

Composite likelihood estimation has an important role in the analysis of multivariate data for which the full likelihood function is intractable. An important issue in composite likelihood inference is the choice of the weights associated…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-15 Davide Ferrari , Chao Zheng

Positive and unlabelled learning is an important problem which arises naturally in many applications. The significant limitation of almost all existing methods lies in assuming that the propensity score function is constant (SCAR…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-01 Konrad Furmańczyk , Jan Mielniczuk , Wojciech Rejchel , Paweł Teisseyre