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High-precision direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, as a key sensing capability for 6G-enabled applications such as autonomous driving and extended reality, is increasingly dependent on the effective exploitation of spatial degrees of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Ye Tian , Jiaji Ren , Tuo Wu , Wei Liu , Maged Elkashlan , Matthew C. Valenti , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Hing Cheung So

This paper investigates parametric direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in a particular context: i) each sensor is characterized by an unknown complex gain and ii) the array consists of a collection of subarrays which are substantially…

Significant progress has been made in ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) technology for pipe signal processing and defect imaging recently. However, developing a defect localization and imaging algorithm that requires fewer parameters, offers a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Shuangshuang Li , Kai Zhao

Channel estimation is essential for precoding/combining in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications. However, accurate estimation is usually difficult because the receiver can only observe the low-dimensional projection of the received…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Xiaohuan Wu , Wei-Ping Zhu , Min Lin , Jun Yan

The problem of two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for the L-shaped nested array is considered. Typically, the multi-dimensional structure of the received signal in co-array domain is ignored in the problem…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-07 Feng Xu , Sergiy A. Vorobyov

This paper presents a novel method for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) for a non-uniform and sparse linear sensor array using the weighted lifted structure low-rank matrix completion. The proposed method uses a single snapshot…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Saeed Razavikia , Mohammad Bokaei , Arash Amini , Stefano Rini , Carlo Fischione

With the introduction of shared spectrum sensing and beam-forming based multi-antenna transceivers, 5G networks demand spectrum sensing to identify opportunities in time, frequency, and spatial domains. Narrow beam-forming makes it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-26 Piyush Sahoo , Romesh Rajoria , Shivam Chandhok , S. J. Darak , Danilo Pau , Hem-Dutt Dabral

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation technology offers a promising solution to address the sensing and positioning demands of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Optical resonant beam systems (RBS), owing to their inherent characteristics of…

An ambiguity-free direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation scheme is proposed for sparse uniform linear arrays under low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and non-stationary broadband signals. First, for achieving better DOA estimation performance…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-06 Wei Wang , Shefeng Yan , Linlin Mao , Zeping Sui , Jirui Yang

Sparse arrays with $N$-sensors can provide up to $O(N^2)$ degrees of freedom (DOF) by second-order cumulants. However, these sparse arrays like minimum-/low-redundancy arrays (MRAs/LRAs), nested arrays and coprime arrays can only provide…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Si Wang , Guoqiang Xiao

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is mostly performed using specialized arrays that have carefully designed receiver spacing and layouts to match the operating frequency range. In contrast, radio interferometric arrays are designed to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-23 Sarod Yatawatta

The performance of irregular phased array architectures is assessed in the context of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications operating beyond 100 GHz. Realizing half-wavelength spaced planar phased arrays is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Yigit Ertugrul , Kamil Yavuz Kapusuz , Claude Desset , Sofie Pollin

To meet the stringent requirements of next-generation wireless networks, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is expected to become massive and pervasive. Unfortunately, this could pose scalability issues in terms of complexity,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Davide Dardari

In this paper, we present a novel auto-calibration scheme for the joint estimation of the two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) and the mutual coupling matrix (MCM) for a signal measured using uniform circular arrays. The method…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-29 Zavareh Bozorgasl , Hao Chen , Mohammad J. Dehghani

The quick detection and localization of partial discharge (PD) in an air-insulated substation (AIS) based on ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) sensor arrays are efficient for power equipment monitoring. The adopted UHF PD time difference of arrival…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-19 Bei Han , Lingen Luo , Gehao Sheng , Xiuchen Jiang

This paper tackles the challenging problem of gridless two-dimensional (2D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for a uniform circular array (UCA) from a single snapshot of data. Conventional gridless methods often fail in this scenario…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Salar Nouri

A large-scale fully-digital receive antenna array can provide very high-resolution direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, but resulting in a significantly high RF-chain circuit cost. Thus, a hybrid analog and digital (HAD) structure is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Feng Shu , Yaolu Qin , Tingting Liu , Linqing Gui , Yijin Zhang , Jun Li , Zhu Han

Accurate calibration of acoustic sensing systems made of multiple asynchronous microphone arrays is essential for satisfactory performance in sound source localization and tracking. State-of-the-art calibration methods for this type of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chengjie Zhang , Wenda Pan , Xinyang Han , He Kong

Traditional Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation methods struggle to simultaneously address three physical constraints in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) electromagnetic sensing: spatial undersampling, asynchronous array phase, and beam squint.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Kailun Tian , Kaili Jiang , Dechang Wang , Hancong Feng , Yuxin Zhao , Ying Xiong , Bin Tang

An approach to the estimation of the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of wide-band signals with a planar microphone array is presented. Our algorithm estimates an unambiguous DOA using a single planar array in which the microphones are placed…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Rudolf Byker , Thomas Niesler