English
Related papers

Related papers: Causal Effect Estimation and Optimal Dose Suggesti…

200 papers

In recent years, precision treatment strategy have gained significant attention in medical research, particularly for patient care. We propose a novel framework for estimating conditional average treatment effects (CATE) in time-to-event…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-29 Runjia Li , Victor B. Talisa , Chung-Chou H. Chang

Adjusting for covariates is a well established method to estimate the total causal effect of an exposure variable on an outcome of interest. Depending on the causal structure of the mechanism under study there may be different adjustment…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Jack Kuipers , Giusi Moffa

We propose a method to reduce variance in treatment effect estimates in the setting of high-dimensional data. In particular, we introduce an approach for learning a metric to be used in matching treatment and control groups. The metric…

Applications · Statistics 2017-12-15 Jonathan Bates , Alexander Cloninger

We consider the problem of estimating a dose-response curve. Continuous treatments arise often in practice, e.g. in the form of time spent on an operation, distance traveled to a location or dosage of a drug. Letting $A$ denote a continuous…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Matteo Bonvini , Edward H. Kennedy

Methods for extending -- generalizing or transporting -- inferences from a randomized trial to a target population involve conditioning on a large set of covariates that is sufficient for rendering the randomized and non-randomized groups…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-04 Sarah E Robertson , Jon A Steingrimsson , Issa J Dahabreh

Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity is important for decision making in medical and clinical practices, or handling various engineering and marketing challenges. When dealing with high-dimensional covariates or when the effect…

The research is about a systematic investigation on the following issues. First, we construct different outcome regression-based estimators for conditional average treatment effect under, respectively, true (oracle), parametric,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-23 Lu Li , Niwen Zhou , Lixing Zhu

We propose a new method to estimate causal effects from nonexperimental data. Each pair of sample units is first associated with a stochastic 'treatment' - differences in factors between units - and an effect - a resultant outcome…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-08 Andre F. Ribeiro , Frank Neffke , Ricardo Hausmann

Matching and weighting methods for observational studies involve the choice of an estimand, the causal effect with reference to a specific target population. Commonly used estimands include the average treatment effect in the treated (ATT),…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-12 Noah Greifer , Elizabeth A. Stuart

The regression discontinuity design (RDD) is a quasi-experimental design that can be used to identify and estimate the causal effect of a treatment using observational data. In an RDD, a pre-specified rule is used for treatment assignment,…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-05 Panayiota Constantinou , Aidan G. O'Keeffe

We study targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) of the average treatment effect in a semiparametric regression model whose mean function is indexed by a finite-dimensional parameter, while the additive error distribution is left…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-20 Mijeong Kim

In observational studies, weighting methods that directly optimize the balance between treatment and covariates have received much attention lately; however these have mainly focused on binary treatments. Inspired by domain adaptation, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-27 Guillaume Martinet

Estimation of local average treatment effects in randomized trials typically requires an assumption known as the exclusion restriction in cases where we are unwilling to rule out unmeasured confounding. Under this assumption, any benefit…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-17 Andrew J. Spieker , Robert A. Greevy , Lyndsay A. Nelson , Lindsay S. Mayberry

The treatment assignment mechanism in a randomized clinical trial can be optimized for statistical efficiency within a specified class of randomization mechanisms. Optimal designs of this type have been characterized in terms of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Wei Zhang , Zhiwei Zhang , Aiyi Liu

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects is central to data-driven decision-making, yet industrial applications often face a fundamental tension between limited randomized controlled trial (RCT) budgets and abundant but biased…

Due to the recent advancements in wearables and sensing technology, health scientists are increasingly developing mobile health (mHealth) interventions. In mHealth interventions, mobile devices are used to deliver treatment to individuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Peng Liao , Predrag Klasnja , Susan Murphy

Estimating long-term treatment effects has a wide range of applications in various domains. A key feature in this context is that collecting long-term outcomes typically involves a multi-stage process and is subject to monotone missing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Qinwei Yang , Ruocheng Guo , Shasha Han , Peng Wu

In empirical studies with time-to-event outcomes, investigators often leverage observational data to conduct causal inference on the effect of exposure when randomized controlled trial data is unavailable. Model misspecification and lack of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-05 Shenbo Xu , Bang Zheng , Bowen Su , Stan Finkelstein , Roy Welsch , Kenney Ng , Ioanna Tzoulaki , Zach Shahn

The estimand framework provides guidance on handling intercurrent events, such as treatment discontinuation, in the analysis of clinical trial responses. Under ICH E9(R1), the treatment policy (TP) strategy incorporates post-discontinuation…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Myeongjong Kang , Sangyoon Yi

Causal effect estimation aims at estimating the Average Treatment Effect as well as the Conditional Average Treatment Effect of a treatment to an outcome from the available data. This knowledge is important in many safety-critical domains,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-02 Niki Kiriakidou , Ioannis E. Livieris , Christos Diou