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Existing online learning to rank (OL2R) solutions are limited to linear models, which are incompetent to capture possible non-linear relations between queries and documents. In this work, to unleash the power of representation learning in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Yiling Jia , Hongning Wang

Click-through rate (CTR) estimation is a fundamental task in personalized advertising and recommender systems and it's important for ranking models to effectively capture complex high-order features.Inspired by the success of ELMO and Bert…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Zhiqiang Wang , Qingyun She , PengTao Zhang , Junlin Zhang

Probabilistic learning to rank (LTR) has been the dominating approach for optimizing the ranking metric, but cannot maximize long-term rewards. Reinforcement learning models have been proposed to maximize user long-term rewards by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Teng Xiao , Suhang Wang

This work describes simple and efficient algorithms for interactively learning non-binary concepts in the learning from random counter-examples (LRC) model. Here, learning takes place from random counter-examples that the learner receives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Jagdeep Bhatia

When applied in healthcare, reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to dynamically match the right interventions to subjects to maximize population benefit. However, the learned policy may disproportionately allocate efficacious actions to one…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-15 Jitao Wang , Chengchun Shi , John D. Piette , Joshua R. Loftus , Donglin Zeng , Zhenke Wu

Matching images and sentences demands a fine understanding of both modalities. In this paper, we propose a new system to discriminatively embed the image and text to a shared visual-textual space. In this field, most existing works apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Zhedong Zheng , Liang Zheng , Michael Garrett , Yi Yang , Mingliang Xu , Yi-Dong Shen

Unlike traditional supervised learning, in many settings only partial feedback is available. We may only observe outcomes for the chosen actions, but not the counterfactual outcomes associated with other alternatives. Such settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Ruijiang Gao , Max Biggs , Wei Sun , Ligong Han

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a crucial area of research in online advertising. While binary cross entropy (BCE) has been widely used as the optimization objective for treating CTR prediction as a binary classification problem,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zhutian Lin , Junwei Pan , Shangyu Zhang , Ximei Wang , Xi Xiao , Shudong Huang , Lei Xiao , Jie Jiang

Addressing selection bias in latent variable causal discovery is important yet underexplored, largely due to a lack of suitable statistical tools: While various tools beyond basic conditional independencies have been developed to handle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Haoyue Dai , Yiwen Qiu , Ignavier Ng , Xinshuai Dong , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

This work shows how to leverage causal inference to understand the behavior of complex learning systems interacting with their environment and predict the consequences of changes to the system. Such predictions allow both humans and…

Pre-trained language models have achieved great success in various large-scale information retrieval tasks. However, most of pretraining tasks are based on counterfeit retrieval data where the query produced by the tailored rule is assumed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Xiangsheng Li , Xiaoshu Chen , Kunliang Wei , Bin Hu , Lei Jiang , Zeqian Huang , Zhanhui Kang

Many decision-making problems require ranking individuals by their treatment effects rather than estimating the exact effect magnitudes. Examples include prioritizing patients for preventive care interventions, or ranking customers by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Henri Arno , Dennis Frauen , Emil Javurek , Thomas Demeester , Stefan Feuerriegel

We develop an algorithm to train individually fair learning-to-rank (LTR) models. The proposed approach ensures items from minority groups appear alongside similar items from majority groups. This notion of fair ranking is based on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-23 Amanda Bower , Hamid Eftekhari , Mikhail Yurochkin , Yuekai Sun

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction, a core task in recommendation systems, estimates user click likelihood using historical behavioral data. Modeling user behavior sequences as text to leverage Language Models (LMs) for this task has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zixuan Li , Binzong Geng , Jing Xiong , Yong He , Yuxuan Hu , Jian Chen , Dingwei Chen , Xiyu Chang , Liang Zhang , Linjian Mo , Chengming Li , Chuan Yuan , Zhenan Sun

In-context learning (ICL) allows Transformers to adapt to novel tasks without weight updates, yet the underlying algorithms remain poorly understood. We adopt a statistical decision-theoretic perspective by investigating simple binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Faris Chaudhry , Siddhant Gadkari

Learning to Rank (LTR) technique is ubiquitous in the Information Retrieval system nowadays, especially in the Search Ranking application. The query-item relevance labels typically used to train the ranking model are often noisy…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Debabrata Mahapatra , Chaosheng Dong , Yetian Chen , Deqiang Meng , Michinari Momma

Local explanations of learning-to-rank (LTR) models are thought to extract the most important features that contribute to the ranking predicted by the LTR model for a single data point. Evaluating the accuracy of such explanations is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-17 Amir Hossein Akhavan Rahnama , Judith Butepage

Click-through rate (CTR) Prediction is a crucial task in personalized information retrievals, such as industrial recommender systems, online advertising, and web search. Most existing CTR Prediction models utilize explicit feature…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Honghao Li , Lei Sang , Yi Zhang , Xuyun Zhang , Yiwen Zhang

Search engines intentionally influence user behavior by picking and ranking the list of results. Users engage with the highest results both because of their prominent placement and because they are typically the most relevant documents.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Richard Demsyn-Jones

The Learning to Rank (L2R) research field has experienced a fast paced growth over the last few years, with a wide variety of benchmark datasets and baselines available for experimentation. We here investigate the main assumption behind…