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A physical unclonable function (PUF) generates hardware intrinsic volatile secrets by exploiting uncontrollable manufacturing randomness. Although PUFs provide the potential for lightweight and secure authentication for increasing numbers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Yansong Gao , Marten van Dijk , Lei Xu , Wei Yang , Surya Nepal , Damith C. Ranasinghe

Lightweight authentication is essential for resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT). Implementable with low resource and operable with low power, Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have the potential as hardware primitives for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yu Zhuang , Gaoxiang Li

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs), as hardware security primitives, exploit manufacturing randomness to extract hardware instance-specific secrets. One of most popular structures is time-delay based Arbiter PUF attributing to large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Yansong Gao , Said F. Al-Sarawi , Derek Abbott , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Damith C. Ranasinghe

Simple authentication protocols based on conventional physical unclonable function (PUF) are vulnerable to modeling attacks and other security threats. This paper proposes an arbiter PUF based on a linear feedback shift register…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yao Wang , Xue Mei , Zhengtai Chang , Wenbing Fan , Benqing Guo , Zhi Quan

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) provide promising hardware security for IoT authentication, leveraging inherent randomness suitable for resource constrained environments. However, ML/DL modeling attacks threaten PUF security by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Joy Acharya , Smit Patel , Paawan Sharma , Mohendra Roy

As the demand for highly secure and dependable lightweight systems increases in the modern world, Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) continue to promise a lightweight alternative to high-cost encryption techniques and secure key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Owen Millwood , Jack Miskelly , Bohao Yang , Prosanta Gope , Elif Kavun , Chenghua Lin

By 2025, the internet of things (IoT) is projected to connect over 75 billion devices globally, fundamentally altering how we interact with our environments in both urban and rural settings. However, IoT device security remains challenging,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Brahim Mefgouda , Raviha Khan , Omar Alhussein , Hani Saleh , Hossien B. Eldeeb , Anshul Pandey , Sami Muhaidat

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have been shown to be a highly promising solution for enabling high security systems tailored for low-power devices. Commonly, PUFs are utilised to generate cryptographic keys on-the-fly, replacing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Hongming Fei , Owen Millwood , Gope Prosanta , Jack Miskelly , Biplab Sikdar

In most PUF-based authentication schemes, a central server is usually engaged to verify the response of the device's PUF to challenge bit-streams. However, the server availability may be intermittent in practice. To tackle such an issue,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Mohammad Ebrahimabadi , Mohamed Younis , Wassila Lalouani , Naghmeh Karimi

Traditional authentication in radio-frequency (RF) systems enable secure data communication within a network through techniques such as digital signatures and hash-based message authentication codes (HMAC), which suffer from key recovery…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Baibhab Chatterjee , Debayan Das , Shovan Maity , Shreyas Sen

As modern cyber systems scale to include large populations of heterogeneous IoT devices, securing them against impersonation and forgery is a critical cybersecurity challenge. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) offer a lightweight,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xin Wang , Peichun Hua , Chip Hong Chang , Wenye Liu , Yue Zheng

The Internet of Things (IoT) has improved people's lives by seamlessly integrating into many facets of modern life and facilitating information sharing across platforms. Device Authentication and Key exchange are major challenges for the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Chandranshu Gupta , Gaurav Varshney

The exponentially increasing number of ubiquitous wireless devices connected to the Internet in Internet of Things (IoT) networks highlights the need for a new paradigm of data flow management in such large-scale networks under software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Fatemeh Afghah , Bertrand Cambou , Masih Abedini , Sherali Zeadally

Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based embedded systems have become mainstream in the last decade, often in security-sensitive applications. However, even with an authenticated hardware platform, compromised software can severely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Sneha Swaroopa , Venkata Sreekanth Balijabudda , Rajat Subhra Chakraborty , Indrajit Chakrabarti

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) serve as lightweight, hardware-intrinsic entropy sources widely deployed in IoT security applications. However, delay-based PUFs are vulnerable to Machine Learning Attacks (MLAs), undermining their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Hongming Fei , Zilong Hu , Prosanta Gope , Biplab Sikdar

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are hardware-oriented primitives that exploit manufacturing variations to generate a unique identity for a physical system. Recent advancements showed how DRAM can be exploited to implement PUFs. DRAM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Fatemeh Najafi , Masoud Kaveh , Mohammad Reza Mosavi , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) offers a secure and lightweight alternative to traditional cryptography for authentication due to their unique device fingerprint. However, their dependence on specialized hardware hinders their adoption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 S M Mostaq Hossain , Sheikh Ghafoor , Kumar Yelamarthi , Venkata Prasanth Yanambaka

Nowadays, due to the growing phenomenon of forgery in many fields, the interest in developing new anti-counterfeiting device and cryptography keys, based on the Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) paradigm, is widely increased. PUFs are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Giuseppe Emanuele Lio , Mauro Daniel Luigi Bruno , Francesco Riboli , Sara Nocentini , Antonio Ferraro

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are emerging as promising security primitives for IoT devices, providing device fingerprints based on physical characteristics. Despite their strengths, PUFs are vulnerable to machine learning (ML)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Gaoxiang Li , Yu Zhuang

Security is of critical importance for the Internet of Things (IoT). Many IoT devices are resource-constrained, calling for lightweight security protocols. Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) leverage integrated circuits' variations to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Yu Zhuang , Khalid T. Mursi , Li Gaoxiang
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