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Starting from a general classical model of many interacting particles we present a well defined step by step procedure to derive the continuum-mechanics equations of nonlinear elasticity theory with fluctuations which describe the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-02 Rudolf Haussmann

Physics and economics are two disciplines that share the common challenge of linking microscopic and macroscopic behaviors. However, while physics is based on collective dynamics, economics is based on individual choices. This conceptual…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-08-25 Sebastian Grauwin , Dominic Hunt , Eric Bertin , Pablo Jensen

Simulation of warm dense matter requires computational methods that capture both quantum and classical behavior efficiently under high-temperature, high-density conditions. Currently, density functional theory molecular dynamics is used to…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-10-21 Attila Cangi , Aurora Pribram-Jones

With recent and rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), understanding the foundation of purposeful behaviour in autonomous agents is crucial for developing safe and efficient systems. While artificial neural networks have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Aswin Paul , Moein Khajehnejad , Forough Habibollahi , Brett J. Kagan , Adeel Razi

We show how any system with morphological degrees of freedom and locally limited free energy will, under the constraints of the free energy principle, evolve toward a neuromorphic morphology that supports hierarchical computations in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Chris Fields , Karl Friston , James F. Glazebrook , Michael Levin , Antonino Marcianò

The free energy principle (FEP) states that any dynamical system can be interpreted as performing Bayesian inference upon its surrounding environment. In this work, we examine in depth the assumptions required to derive the FEP in the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-23 Miguel Aguilera , Beren Millidge , Alexander Tschantz , Christopher L. Buckley

Metaphors of Computation and Information tended to detract attention from the intrinsic modes of neural system functions, uncontaminated by the observer's role for collection and interpretation of experimental data. Recognizing the…

General Physics · Physics 2011-07-21 Gerhard Werner

If Economics is understood as the study of the interactions among intentional agents, being rationality the main source of intentional behavior, the mathematical tools that it requires must be extended to capture systemic effects. Here we…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-09-13 Fernando Tohmé

Affordances, a foundational concept in human-computer interaction and design, have traditionally been explained by direct-perception theories, which assume that individuals perceive action possibilities directly from the environment.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yi-Chi Liao , Christian Holz

Recent advances at the intersection of control theory, neuroscience, and machine learning have revealed novel mechanisms by which dynamical systems perform computation. These advances encompass a wide range of conceptual, mathematical, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Arthur N. Montanari , Francesco Bullo , Dmitry Krotov , Adilson E. Motter

Organisms have to keep track of the information in the environment that is relevant for adaptive behaviour. Transmitting information in an economical and efficient way becomes crucial for limited-resourced agents living in high-dimensional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Miguel de Llanza Varona , Christopher L. Buckley , Beren Millidge

Semantic composition remains an open problem for vector space models of semantics. In this paper, we explain how the probabilistic graphical model used in the framework of Functional Distributional Semantics can be interpreted as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Guy Emerson , Ann Copestake

This article presents a formalism inspired by Dennett's notion of the intentional stance. Whereas Dennett's treatment of these concepts is informal, we aim to provide a more formal analogue. We introduce a framework based on stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Simon McGregor , timorl , Nathaniel Virgo

Living systems face both environmental complexity and limited access to free-energy resources. Survival under these conditions requires a control system that can activate, or deploy, available perception and action resources in a context…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-06 Chris Fields , Filippo Fabrocini , Karl Friston , James F. Glazebrook , Hananel Hazan , Michael Levin , Antonino Marciano

The Free Energy Principle (FEP) states that under suitable conditions of weak coupling, random dynamical systems with sufficient degrees of freedom will behave so as to minimize an upper bound, formalized as a variational free energy, on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Chris Fields , Karl Friston , James F. Glazebrook , Michael Levin

The free energy principle (FEP) is a mathematical framework that describes how biological systems self-organize and survive in their environment. This principle provides insights on multiple scales, from high-level behavioral and cognitive…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-24 David Kappel , Christian Tetzlaff

Modeling environmental ecosystems is critical for the sustainability of our planet, but is extremely challenging due to the complex underlying processes driven by interactions amongst a large number of physical variables. As many variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Shiyuan Luo , Juntong Ni , Shengyu Chen , Runlong Yu , Yiqun Xie , Licheng Liu , Zhenong Jin , Huaxiu Yao , Xiaowei Jia

Orbital-free density functional theory (OF-DFT) runs at low computational cost that scales linearly with the number of simulated atoms, making it suitable for large-scale material simulations. It is generally considered that OF-DFT strictly…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-04-05 Qiang Xu , Cheng Ma , Wenhui Mi , Yanchao Wang , Yanming Ma

The rich and diverse dynamics of particle-based systems ultimately originates from the coupling of their degrees of freedom via internal interactions. To arrive at a tractable approximation of such many-body problems, coarse-graining is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-31 Matthias Schmidt

We present a differentiable formalism for learning free energies that is capable of capturing arbitrarily complex model dependencies on coarse-grained coordinates and finite-temperature response to variation of general system parameters.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Blake R. Duschatko , Xiang Fu , Cameron Owen , Yu Xie , Albert Musaelian , Tommi Jaakkola , Boris Kozinsky
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