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Mounting evidence in neuroscience suggests the possibility of neuronal representations that individual neurons serve as the substrates of different mental representations in a point-to-point way. Combined with associationism, it can…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-06 Chiyin Zheng

Organisms are nonequilibrium, stationary systems self-organized via spontaneous symmetry breaking and undergoing metabolic cycles with broken detailed balance in the environment. The thermodynamic free-energy principle describes an…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-24 Chang Sub Kim

The Bayesian brain hypothesis, predictive processing and variational free energy minimisation are typically used to describe perceptual processes based on accurate generative models of the world. However, generative models need not be…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-04 Manuel Baltieri , Christopher L. Buckley

We propose a non-representationalist framework for deep learning relying on a novel method: computational phenomenology, a dialogue between the first-person perspective (relying on phenomenology) and the mechanisms of computational models.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Pierre Beckmann , Guillaume Köstner , Inês Hipólito

This work combines the free energy principle from cognitive neuroscience and the ensuing active inference dynamics with recent advances in variational inference in deep generative models, and evolution strategies to introduce the "deep…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-24 Kai Ueltzhöffer

The 'free energy principle' (FEP) has been suggested to provide a unified theory of the brain, integrating data and theory relating to action, perception, and learning. The theory and implementation of the FEP combines insights from…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-05-26 Christopher L. Buckley , Chang Sub Kim , Simon McGregor , Anil K. Seth

Systems with many interacting stochastic constituents are fully characterized by their free energy. Computing this quantity is therefore the objective of various approaches, notably perturbative expansions, which are applied in problems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-08 Tobias Kühn

Does the brain construct an efficient representation of the sensory world? We review progress on this question, focusing on a series of experiments in the last decade which use fly vision as a model system in which theory and experiment can…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-12-31 William Bialek , Rob R. de Ruyter van Steveninck , Naftali Tishby

We formulate five basic tenets of enactivist cognitive science that we have carefully identified in the relevant literature as the main underlying principles of that philosophy. We then develop a mathematical framework to talk about…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-14 Vadim Weinstein , Basak Sakcak , Steven M. LaValle

The semantic knowledge stored in our brains can be accessed from different stimulus modalities. For example, a picture of a cat and the word "cat" both engage similar conceptual representations. While existing research has found evidence…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Julien Dirani , Liina Pylkkänen

Active inference introduces a theory describing action-perception loops via the minimisation of variational (and expected) free energy or, under simplifying assumptions, (weighted) prediction error. Recently, active inference has been…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-10 Manuel Baltieri , Christopher L. Buckley , Jelle Bruineberg

The aim of this article is to represent the general description of an entity by means of its states, contexts and properties. The entity that we want to describe does not necessarily have to be a physical entity, but can also be an entity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Diederik Aerts

We extend our earlier work on the compositional structure of cybernetic systems in order to account for the embodiment of such systems. All their interactions proceed through their bodies' boundaries: sensations impinge on their surfaces,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-11-04 Toby St Clere Smithe

Active inference is a leading theory of perception, learning and decision making, which can be applied to neuroscience, robotics, psychology, and machine learning. Active inference is based on the expected free energy, which is mostly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Théophile Champion , Howard Bowman , Dimitrije Marković , Marek Grześ

Disentangling the encodings of neural models is a fundamental aspect for improving interpretability, semantic control and downstream task performance in Natural Language Processing. Currently, most disentanglement methods are unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Danilo S. Carvalho , Giangiacomo Mercatali , Yingji Zhang , Andre Freitas

Active inference is a normative principle underwriting perception, action, planning, decision-making and learning in biological or artificial agents. From its inception, its associated process theory has grown to incorporate complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-02 Lancelot Da Costa , Thomas Parr , Noor Sajid , Sebastijan Veselic , Victorita Neacsu , Karl Friston

The free energy principle (FEP) from neuroscience provides a framework called active inference for the joint estimation and control of state space systems, subjected to colored noise. However, the active inference community has been…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-06 Ajith Anil Meera , Martijn Wisse

Computational functionalism about consciousness is often criticized for relying on observer-relative interpretations of physical systems. This paper proposes a mathematical refinement of functionalism that avoids this problem. The central…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-22 Ryota Kanai , Shuqin Ma

Attractor dynamics are a hallmark of many complex systems, including the brain. Understanding how such self-organizing dynamics emerge from first principles is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuronal computations and the design…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-22 Tamas Spisak , Karl Friston

We seek to clarify the concept of active inference by disentangling it from the Free Energy Principle. We show how the optimizations that need to be carried out in order to implement active inference in discrete state spaces can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Patrick Kenny