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Dust grains influence many aspects of star formation, including planet formation, opacities for radiative transfer, chemistry, and the magnetic field via Ohmic, Hall, and ambipolar diffusion. The size distribution of the dust grains is the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Pierre Marchand , Ugo Lebreuilly , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Vincent Guillet

Grain growth by the accretion of metals in interstellar clouds (called `grain growth') could be one of the dominant processes that determine the dust content in galaxies. The importance of grain size distribution for the grain growth is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Hiroyuki Hirashita , Tzu-Ming Kuo

We present a statistical study of the post-formation migration of giant planets in a range of initial disk conditions. For given initial conditions we model the evolution of giant planet orbits under the influence of disk, stellar, and mass…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 David E. Trilling , Jonathan I. Lunine , Willy Benz

In the present research, we study the effects of a single giant planet in the dynamical evolution of water-rich embryos and planetesimals, located beyond the snow line of systems around Sun-like stars, in order to determine what kind of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-19 Mariana B. Sánchez , Gonzalo C. de Elía , Luciano A. Darriba

A prescription for the fragment size distribution resulting from dust grain collisions is essential when modelling a range of astrophysical systems, such as debris disks and planetary rings. While the slope of the fragment size distribution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Sebastiaan Krijt , Mihkel Kama

The orbital distributions of currently observed extrasolar giant planets allow marginally stable orbits for hypothetical, terrestrial planets. In this paper, we propose that many of these systems may not have additional planets on these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Soko Matsumura , Shigeru Ida , Makiko Nagasawa

The last several years have brought about a dynamic shift in the view of exoplanetary systems in the post-main sequence, perhaps epitomized by the evidence for surviving rocky planetary bodies at white dwarfs. Coinciding with the launch of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-06 J. Farihi

We compute the evolution of interstellar dust in a hydrodynamic simulation of an isolated disc galaxy. We newly implement the evolution of full grain size distribution by sampling 32 grid points on the axis of the grain radius. We solve it…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Shohei Aoyama , Hiroyuki Hirashita , Kentaro Nagamine

Despite the recent discoveries of planets orbiting stars at all evolutionary stages, the evolution of planetary systems remains poorly understood. Studying planetary systems around red giant branch stars can reveal how main sequence…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Samuel K. Grunblatt

Exoplanets have been detected around stars at various stages of their lives, ranging from young stars emerging from formation, to latter stages of evolution, including white dwarfs and neutron stars. Post main sequence stellar evolution can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-20 Stephen R. Kane

The timescales on which astronomical dust grows remain poorly understood, with important consequences for our understanding of processes like circumstellar disk evolution and planet formation.A number of post-asymptotic giant branch stars…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 P. Scicluna , F. Kemper , A. Trejo , J. P. Marshall , S. Ertel , M. Hillen

Millimeter interferometry provides evidence for the presence of mm to cm size "pebbles" in the outer parts of disks around pre-main-sequence stars. The observations suggest that large grains are produced relatively early in disk evolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. Brauer , C. P. Dullemond , A. Johansen , Th. Henning , H. Klahr , A. Natta

To date, hundreds of sub-stellar objects with masses between $1-80\ M_{\rm Jup}$ have been detected orbiting main-sequence stars. The current convention uses the deuterium-burning limit, $M_c \approx 13 M_{\rm Jup}$ to divide this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Gregory J. Gilbert , Judah Van Zandt , Erik A. Petigura , Steven Giacalone , Andrew W. Howard , Luke B. Handley

We model dust evolution in Milky Way-like galaxies by post-processing the IllustrisTNG cosmological hydrodynamical simulations in order to predict dust-to-gas ratios and grain size distributions. We treat grain-size-dependent dust growth…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-09 Yu-Hsiu Huang , Hiroyuki Hirashita , Yun-Hsin Hsu , Yen-Ting Lin , Dylan Nelson , Andrew P. Cooper

Earth-sized planets were observed in close-in orbits around M dwarfs. While more and more planets are expected to be uncovered around M dwarfs, theories of their formation and dynamical evolution are still in their infancy. We investigate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-30 Yuji Matsumoto , Pin-Gao Gu , Eiichiro Kokubo , Shoichi Oshino , Masashi Omiya

Planets have been detected around a variety of stars, including low-mass objects, such as brown dwarfs. However, such extreme cases are challenging for planet formation models. Recent sub-millimeter observations of disks around brown dwarf…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-20 P. Pinilla , T. Birnstiel , M. Benisty , L. Ricci , A. Natta , C. P. Dullemond , C. Dominik , L. Testi

We present the first implementation of an evolving dust grain size distribution (GSD) within a semi-analytic cosmological model (SAM) of galaxy evolution. This flexible model self-consistently accounts for stellar dust production,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-09 Massimiliano Parente , Desika Narayanan , Paul Torrey

The cross section of material in debris discs is thought to be dominated by the smallest grains that can still stay in bound orbits despite the repelling action of stellar radiation pressure. Thus the minimum (and typical) grain size…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 Nicole Pawellek , Alexander V. Krivov

Identification by the Ulysses spacecraft of interstellar grains inside the planetary system provides a new window for the study of diffuse interstellar matter. Dust particles observed by Ulysses and confirmed by Galileo are more massive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 E. Grün , M. Landgraf

We present models for the formation of terrestrial planets, and the collisional evolution of debris disks, in planetary systems that contain multiple unstable gas giants. We previously showed that the dynamics of the giant planets…