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Artificial intelligence is humanity's most promising technology because of the remarkable capabilities offered by foundation models. Yet, the same technology brings confusion and consternation: foundation models are poorly understood and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Rishi Bommasani

Machine learning's widespread adoption in decision-making processes raises concerns about fairness, particularly regarding the treatment of sensitive features and potential discrimination against minorities. The software engineering…

Understanding and removing bias from the decisions made by machine learning models is essential to avoid discrimination against unprivileged groups. Despite recent progress in algorithmic fairness, there is still no clear answer as to which…

The definition and implementation of fairness in automated decisions has been extensively studied by the research community. Yet, there hides fallacious reasoning, misleading assertions, and questionable practices at the foundations of the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Robert Lee Poe , Soumia Zohra El Mestari

The conversation around artificial intelligence (AI) often focuses on safety, transparency, accountability, alignment, and responsibility. However, AI security (i.e., the safeguarding of data, models, and pipelines from adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Krti Tallam

Artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly influences critical decision-making across sectors. Federated Learning (FL), as a privacy-preserving collaborative AI paradigm, not only enhances data protection but also holds significant promise…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chao Feng , Alberto Huertas Celdran , Pedro Miguel Sanchez Sanchez , Lynn Zumtaugwald , Gerome Bovet , Burkhard Stiller

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are now being utilized in all facets of our lives such as healthcare, education and employment. Since they are used in numerous sensitive environments and make decisions that can be life altering,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal

The EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act directs businesses to assess their AI systems to ensure they are developed in a way that is human-centered and trustworthy. The rapid adoption of AI in the industry has outpaced ethical evaluation…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Louise McCormack , Diletta Huyskes , Dave Lewis , Malika Bendechache

In a world increasingly dominated by AI applications, an understudied aspect is the carbon and social footprint of these power-hungry algorithms that require copious computation and a trove of data for training and prediction. While…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Abhishek Gupta , Camylle Lanteigne , Sara Kingsley

Machine learning models are becoming pervasive in high-stakes applications. Despite their clear benefits in terms of performance, the models could show discrimination against minority groups and result in fairness issues in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Mingyang Wan , Daochen Zha , Ninghao Liu , Na Zou

Over the past several years, a slew of different methods to measure the fairness of a machine learning model have been proposed. However, despite the growing number of publications and implementations, there is still a critical lack of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Alycia N. Carey , Xintao Wu

To ensure unbiased and ethical automated predictions, fairness must be a core principle in machine learning applications. Fairness in machine learning aims to mitigate biases present in the training data and model imperfections that could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jan Pablo Burgard , João Vitor Pamplona

As AI systems become integral to critical operations across industries and services, ensuring their reliability and safety is essential. We offer a framework that integrates established reliability and resilience engineering principles into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Saurabh Mishra , Anand Rao , Ramayya Krishnan , Bilal Ayyub , Amin Aria , Enrico Zio

As artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) models and foundation models (FMs), is increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, ensuring their trustworthiness has become a central challenge. However, the core…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ruta Binkyte , Ivaxi Sheth , Zhijing Jin , Mohammad Havaei , Bernhard Schölkopf , Mario Fritz

Artificial intelligence (AI) has huge potential to improve the health and well-being of people, but adoption in clinical practice is still limited. Lack of transparency is identified as one of the main barriers to implementation, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Aniek F. Markus , Jan A. Kors , Peter R. Rijnbeek

Recent advances in machine learning, particularly the emergence of foundation models, are leading to new opportunities to develop technology-based solutions to societal problems. However, the reasoning and inner workings of today's complex…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Rajeev Alur , Greg Durrett , Hadas Kress-Gazit , Corina Păsăreanu , René Vidal

This whitepaper offers normative and practical guidance for developers of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to achieve "Trustworthy AI". In it, we present overall ethical requirements and six ethical principles with value-specific…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Nicholas Kluge Corrêa , Julia Maria Mönig

Efforts to mitigate bias and enhance fairness in the artificial intelligence (AI) community have predominantly focused on technical solutions. While numerous reviews have addressed bias in AI, this review uniquely focuses on the practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Abdoul Jalil Djiberou Mahamadou , Artem A. Trotsyuk

As Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), becomes increasingly embedded in education systems worldwide, ensuring their ethical, legal, and contextually appropriate deployment has become a critical policy…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Sara Alaswad , Tatiana Kalganova , Wasan Awad

As AI systems increasingly rely on training data, assessing dataset trustworthiness has become critical, particularly for properties like fairness or bias that emerge at the dataset level. Prior work has used Subjective Logic to assess…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Koffi Ismael Ouattara , Ioannis Krontiris , Theo Dimitrakos , Frank Kargl