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Given two continuity equations with density-dependent velocities, we provide a new formula for the Wasserstein distance between the solutions in terms of the difference of velocities evaluated at the same density. The formula is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-27 José A. Carrillo , Piotr Gwiazda , Jakub Skrzeczkowski

Wave propagation problems have many applications in physics and engineering, and the stochastic effects are important in accurately modeling them due to the uncertainty of the media. This paper considers and analyzes a fully discrete finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-30 Yukun Li , Shuonan Wu , Yulong Xing

Stochastic differential equations of Langevin-diffusion form have received significant attention, thanks to their foundational role in both Bayesian sampling algorithms and optimization in machine learning. In the latter, they serve as a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Fabio V. Difonzo , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Jakub Marecek

By analogy with work of Hitchin on integrable systems, we construct natural relaxations of several kinds of moduli spaces of difference equations, with special attention to a particular class of difference equations on an elliptic curve…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Eric M. Rains

Two geometrical structures have been extensively studied for a manifold of probability distributions. One is based on the Fisher information metric, which is invariant under reversible transformations of random variables, while the other is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-02 Shun-ichi Amari , Ryo Karakida , Masafumi Oizumi

Differential completions and compactifications of differential spaces are introduced and investigated. The existence of the maximal differential completion and the maximal differential compactification is proved. A sufficient condition for…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-03-30 Diana Dziewa-Dawidczyk , Zbigniew Pasternak-Winiarski

It is proved that the space of differential forms with weak exterior and co-derivative, is compactly embedded into the space of square integrable differential forms. Mixed boundary conditions on weak Lipschitz domains are considered.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-05-01 Sebastian Bauer , Dirk Pauly , Michael Schomburg

We introduce and study the class of totally dissipative multivalued probability vector fields (MPVF) $\boldsymbol{\mathrm F}$ on the Wasserstein space $(\mathcal{P}_2(\mathsf{X}),W_2)$ of Euclidean or Hilbertian probability measures. We…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Giulia Cavagnari , Giuseppe Savaré , Giacomo Enrico Sodini

We discuss geometric formulations of hydrodynamic limits in diffusive systems. Specifically, we describe a geometrical construction in the space of density profiles --- the Wasserstein geometry --- which allows the deterministic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-22 Robert L. Jack , Johannes Zimmer

While modern representation learning relies heavily on global error signals, decentralized algorithms driven by local interactions offer a fundamental distributed alternative. However, the macroscopic convergence properties of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zilin Li , Weiwei Xu , Xuchun Tong , Xuanbo Lu , Xuanqi Zhao

Despite the remarkable empirical success of score-based diffusion models, their statistical guarantees remain underdeveloped. Existing analyses often provide pessimistic convergence rates that do not reflect the intrinsic low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-24 Saptarshi Chakraborty , Quentin Berthet , Peter L. Bartlett

Wasserstein barycenters define averages of probability measures in a geometrically meaningful way. Their use is increasingly popular in applied fields, such as image, geometry or language processing. In these fields however, the probability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Guillaume Carlier , Alex Delalande , Quentin Merigot

Solving Fredholm equations of the first kind is crucial in many areas of the applied sciences. In this work we adopt a probabilistic and variational point of view by considering a minimization problem in the space of probability measures…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-17 Francesca R. Crucinio , Valentin De Bortoli , Arnaud Doucet , Adam M. Johansen

A universal system of difference equations associated with a hyperelliptic curve is derived constituting the discrete analogue of the Dubrovin equations arising in the theory of finite-gap integration. The parametrisation of the solutions…

solv-int · Physics 2015-06-26 F. W. Nijhoff

A general analysis framework is presented in this paper for many different types of finite element methods (including various discontinuous Galerkin methods). For second order elliptic equation, this framework employs $4$ different…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Qingguo Hong , Shuonan Wu , Jinchao Xu

In this paper we extend a previous result of the author [Lis07] of characterization of absolutely continuous curves in Wasserstein spaces to a more general class of spaces: the spaces of probability measures endowed with the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-03 Stefano Lisini

This work addresses the question of regularity of solutions to evolutionary (quasi-static and dynamic) perfect plasticity models. Under the assumption that the elasticity set is a compact convex subset of deviatoric matrices, with $C^2$…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Jean-François Babadjian , Alessandro Giacomini , Maria Giovanna Mora

In this paper we consider scalar parabolic equations in a general non-smooth setting with emphasis on mixed interface and boundary conditions. In particular, we allow for dynamics and diffusion on a Lipschitz interface and on the boundary,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-01-30 Karoline Disser , Martin Meyries , Joachim Rehberg

This article is devoted to completing some aspects of the classical Cauchy-Lipschitz (or Picard-Lindel\"of) theory for general nonlinear systems posed on time scales, that are closed subsets of the set of real numbers. Partial results do…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-12-21 Loïc Bourdin , Emmanuel Trélat

A fairly general continuation theorem of Leray-Schauder type for the class of so-called admissible multimaps is set forth. This result is then used to establish a universal rule for solving operator inclusions of Hammerstein type in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-20 Radosław Pietkun