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Reinforcement learning algorithms are defined by their learning update rules, which are typically hand-designed and fixed. We present an evolutionary framework for discovering reinforcement learning algorithms by searching directly over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Alkis Sygkounas , Amy Loutfi , Andreas Persson

Efficient exploration remains a challenging research problem in reinforcement learning, especially when an environment contains large state spaces, deceptive local optima, or sparse rewards. To tackle this problem, we present a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Zhang-Wei Hong , Tzu-Yun Shann , Shih-Yang Su , Yi-Hsiang Chang , Chun-Yi Lee

Methods of deep machine learning enable to to reuse low-level representations efficiently for generating more abstract high-level representations. Originally, deep learning has been applied passively (e.g., for classification purposes).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Mark Wernsdorfer , Ute Schmid

In many real-world multi-agent cooperative tasks, due to high cost and risk, agents cannot continuously interact with the environment and collect experiences during learning, but have to learn from offline datasets. However, the transition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Jiechuan Jiang , Zongqing Lu

In this work we introduce reinforcement learning techniques for solving lexicographic multi-objective problems. These are problems that involve multiple reward signals, and where the goal is to learn a policy that maximises the first reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Joar Skalse , Lewis Hammond , Charlie Griffin , Alessandro Abate

Credit assignment in Meta-reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) is still poorly understood. Existing methods either neglect credit assignment to pre-adaptation behavior or implement it naively. This leads to poor sample-efficiency during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Jonas Rothfuss , Dennis Lee , Ignasi Clavera , Tamim Asfour , Pieter Abbeel

Prior work in multi-objective reinforcement learning typically uses linear reward scalarization with fixed weights, which provably fails to capture non-convex Pareto fronts and thus yields suboptimal results. This limitation becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yining Lu , Zilong Wang , Shiyang Li , Xin Liu , Changlong Yu , Qingyu Yin , Zhan Shi , Zixuan Zhang , Meng Jiang

Reinforcement learning (RL) with sparse and deceptive rewards is challenging because non-zero rewards are rarely obtained. Hence, the gradient calculated by the agent can be stochastic and without valid information. Recent studies that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Guojian Wang , Faguo Wu , Xiao Zhang , Jianxiang Liu

Scaling issues are mundane yet irritating for practitioners of reinforcement learning. Error scales vary across domains, tasks, and stages of learning; sometimes by many orders of magnitude. This can be detrimental to learning speed and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Tom Schaul , Georg Ostrovski , Iurii Kemaev , Diana Borsa

In reinforcement learning (RL), offline learning decoupled learning from data collection and is useful in dealing with exploration-exploitation tradeoff and enables data reuse in many applications. In this work, we study two offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Jing Dong , Xin T. Tong

Sequential decision making in the real world often requires finding a good balance of conflicting objectives. In general, there exist a plethora of Pareto-optimal policies that embody different patterns of compromises between objectives,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Takuya Kanazawa , Chetan Gupta

Reinforcement learning (RL) has gained increasing interest since the demonstration it was able to reach human performance on video game benchmarks using deep Q-learning (DQN). The current consensus for training neural networks on such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Luong Ha , Nguyen , James-A. Goulet

Meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) algorithms enable agents to adapt quickly to tasks from few samples in dynamic environments. Such a feat is achieved through dynamic representations in an agent's policy network (obtained via reasoning…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Eseoghene Ben-Iwhiwhu , Jeffery Dick , Nicholas A. Ketz , Praveen K. Pilly , Andrea Soltoggio

We propose a novel Reinforcement Learning model for discrete environments, which is inherently interpretable and supports the discovery of deep subgoal hierarchies. In the model, an agent learns information about environment in the form of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Alexander Demin , Denis Ponomaryov

Deep Reinforcement Learning has demonstrated the potential of neural networks tuned with gradient descent for solving complex tasks in well-delimited environments. However, these neural systems are slow learners producing specialized agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Mathieu Chalvidal , Thomas Serre , Rufin VanRullen

Meta-reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) has attracted attention due to its capability to enhance reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, in terms of data efficiency and generalizability. In this paper, we develop a bilevel optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Siyuan Xu , Minghui Zhu

A variety of autonomous navigation algorithms exist that allow robots to move around in a safe and fast manner. However, many of these algorithms require parameter re-tuning when facing new environments. In this paper, we propose PTDRL, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Elias Goldsztejn , Tal Feiner , Ronen Brafman

In this paper, we formulate the adaptive learning problem---the problem of how to find an individualized learning plan (called policy) that chooses the most appropriate learning materials based on learner's latent traits---faced in adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Xiao Li , Hanchen Xu , Jinming Zhang , Hua-hua Chang

Although deep reinforcement learning has recently been very successful at learning complex behaviors, it requires a tremendous amount of data to learn a task. One of the fundamental reasons causing this limitation lies in the nature of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Zhenshan Bing , Alexander Koch , Xiangtong Yao , Kai Huang , Alois Knoll

Deep artificial neural networks (DNNs) are typically trained via gradient-based learning algorithms, namely backpropagation. Evolution strategies (ES) can rival backprop-based algorithms such as Q-learning and policy gradients on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Felipe Petroski Such , Vashisht Madhavan , Edoardo Conti , Joel Lehman , Kenneth O. Stanley , Jeff Clune