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The interstellar medium (ISM) is a complex non-linear system governed by gravity and magneto-hydrodynamics, as well as radiative, thermodynamical, and chemical processes. Our understanding of it mostly progresses through observations and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-25 E. Allys , F. Levrier , S. Zhang , C. Colling , B. Regaldo-Saint Blancard , F. Boulanger , P. Hennebelle , S. Mallat

Dust emission is the main foreground for cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. Its statistical characterization must be derived from the analysis of observational data because the precision required for a reliable component…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 Bruno Regaldo-Saint Blancard , Erwan Allys , François Boulanger , François Levrier , Niall Jeffrey

Polarized dust emission is a major astrophysical foreground contaminant of the cosmic microwave background polarization (CMB), which must be accurately measured to look for the faint primordial polarization B-modes of inflationary origin.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-05 Alexandros Tsouros , Elisa Russier , Erwan Allys , Constant Auclair , François Boulanger , Jacques Delabrouille

The characterization of the dust polarization foreground to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a necessary step towards the detection of the B-mode signal associated with primordial gravitational waves. We present a method to simulate…

[abridged] The interstellar medium is now widely recognized to display features ascribable to magnetized turbulence. With the public release of Planck data and the current balloon-borne and ground-based experiments, the growing amount of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-27 F. Levrier , J. Neveu , E. Falgarone , F. Boulanger , A. Bracco , T. Ghosh , F. Vansyngel

The low brightness dust emission at high Galactic latitude is of interest to study the interplay between physical processes in shaping the structure of the interstellar medium (ISM), as well as to statistically characterize dust emission as…

The upcoming generation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments face a major challenge in detecting the weak cosmic B-mode signature predicted as a product of primordial gravitational waves. To achieve the required sensitivity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-22 D. T. O'Dea , C. N. Clark , C. R. Contaldi , C. J. MacTavish

Thermal dust is the major polarized foreground hindering the detection of primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-modes. Its signal exhibits complex behavior in frequency space, arising from the combined variation in our Galaxy of…

The 21cm forest, narrow absorption features in the spectra of high redshift radio sources caused by intervening neutral hydrogen, offers a unique probe of the intergalactic medium and small-scale structures during reionization. While…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-30 Hayato Shimabukuro , Yidong Xu , Yue Shao

Context. The polarized thermal emission from interstellar dust offers a valuable tool for probing both the dust and the magnetic field in the interstellar medium (ISM). However, existing observations only yield the total amount of dust…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-14 Katia Ferrière , Ludovic Montier , Jean-Sébastien Carrière

The quest for primordial $B$-modes in the cosmic microwave background has emphasized the need for refined models of the Galactic dust foreground. Here, we aim at building a realistic statistical model of the multi-frequency dust emission…

Scattering transforms have been successfully used to describe dust polarization for flat-sky images. This paper expands this framework to noisy observations on the sphere with the aim of obtaining denoised Stokes Q and U all-sky maps at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-22 J. -M. Delouis , E. Allys , E. Gauvrit , F. Boulanger

Polarized emission from aligned dust is a crucial tool for studies of magnetism in the ISM and a troublesome contaminant for studies of CMB polarization. In each case, an understanding of the significance of the polarization signal requires…

Polarization of interstellar dust emission is a powerful probe of dust properties and magnetic field structure. Yet studies of external galaxies are hampered by foreground dust contribution. The aim of this study is to separate the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-30 D. Alina , J. -Ph. Bernard , K. H. Yuen , A. Lazarian , A. Hughes , M. Iskakova , A. Akimkhan , A. Mukanova

The Planck survey has quantified polarized Galactic foregrounds and established that they are a main limiting factor in the quest for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode signal induced by primordial gravitational waves during…

Polarimeric maps have been used on the characterization of the magnetic field in molecular clouds. However, it is difficult to determine the 3-dimensional properties of these regions from the projected maps. In that case, numerical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-23 D. Falceta-Goncalves , A. Lazarian , G. Kowal

A central challenge in precision cosmology with galaxy surveys is to extract non-Gaussian information from large-scale structure while controlling systematic uncertainties such as tracer bias. Conventional clustering statistics, such as the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 Zhujun Jiang , Xu Xiao , Fenfen Yin , Xiao-Dong Li , Le Zhang

Emission from the interstellar medium can be a significant contaminant of measurements of the intensity and polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). For planning CMB observations, and for optimizing foreground-cleaning…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-21 Ben Thorne , Lloyd Knox , Karthik Prabhu

The search for the primordial B-modes of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) relies on the separation from the brighter foreground dust signal. In this context, the characterisation of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of thermal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-22 Alessia Ritacco , François Boulanger , Vincent Guillet , Jean-Marc Delouis , Jean-Loup Puget , Jonathan Aumont , Léo Vacher

Polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust is the dominant foreground for CMB polarization measurements at high frequencies, with its statistical properties set by the interplay between turbulence and magnetic fields in the multiphase…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-27 Yue Hu , Bao Truong , Thiem Hoang , Le Ngoc Tram
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