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Safety critical software assessment requires robust assessment against complex regulatory frameworks, a process traditionally limited by manual evaluation. This paper presents Document Retrieval-Augmented Fine-Tuning (DRAFT), a novel…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great potential for solving tasks in well-defined environments like games or robotics. This paper aims to solve the robotic reaching task in a simulation run on the Neurorobotics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Marton Szep , Leander Lauenburg , Kevin Farkas , Xiyan Su , Chuanlong Zang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a promising method to learn control policies for robots only from demonstration and experience. To cover the whole dynamic behaviour of the robot, DRL training is an active exploration process typically…

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms have been increasingly employed during the last decade to solve various decision-making problems such as autonomous driving and robotics. However, these algorithms have faced great challenges…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Amirhossein Zolfagharian , Manel Abdellatif , Lionel Briand , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh , Ramesh S

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a learning paradigm in which the agent learns from its environment through trial and error. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms represent the agent's policies using neural networks, making their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jasmina Gajcin , Jovan Jeromela , Ivana Dusparic

Developing decision-making algorithms for highly automated driving systems remains challenging, since these systems have to operate safely in an open and complex environments. Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches can learn comprehensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-01 M. Youssef Abdelhamid , Lennart Vater , Zlatan Ajanovic

Cost functions are commonly employed in Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). However, the cost is typically encoded as an indicator function due to the difficulty of quantifying the risk of policy decisions in the state space. Such an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Enrico Marchesini , Luca Marzari , Alessandro Farinelli , Christopher Amato

Safety-critical robot systems need thorough testing to expose design flaws and software bugs which could endanger humans. Testing in simulation is becoming increasingly popular, as it can be applied early in the development process and does…

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents improve through trial-and-error, but when reward is sparse and the agent cannot discover successful action sequences, learning stagnates. This has been a notable problem in training deep RL agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Evan Zheran Liu , Kelvin Guu , Panupong Pasupat , Tianlin Shi , Percy Liang

Compared with model-based control and optimization methods, reinforcement learning (RL) provides a data-driven, learning-based framework to formulate and solve sequential decision-making problems. The RL framework has become promising due…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-29 Pouria Razzaghi , Amin Tabrizian , Wei Guo , Shulu Chen , Abenezer Taye , Ellis Thompson , Alexis Bregeon , Ali Baheri , Peng Wei

In recent years deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems have attained superhuman performance in a number of challenging task domains. However, a major limitation of such applications is their demand for massive amounts of training data. A…

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) breaks through the bottlenecks of traditional reinforcement learning (RL) with the help of the perception capability of deep learning and has been widely applied in real-world problems.While model-free RL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Tingting Zhao , Ying Wang , Wei Sun , Yarui Chen , Gang Niub , Masashi Sugiyama

Urban autonomous driving decision making is challenging due to complex road geometry and multi-agent interactions. Current decision making methods are mostly manually designing the driving policy, which might result in sub-optimal solutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Jianyu Chen , Bodi Yuan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Many challenging real-world problems require the deployment of ensembles multiple complementary learning models to reach acceptable performance levels. While effective, applying the entire ensemble to every sample is costly and often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Orel Lavie , Asaf Shabtai , Gilad Katz

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is used extensively in Autonomous Systems (AS) as it enables learning at runtime without the need for a model of the environment or predefined actions. However, most applications of RL in AS, such as those based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Juan C. Rosero , Ivana Dusparic , Nicolás Cardozo

Domain-Independent Dynamic Programming (DIDP) is a state-space search paradigm based on dynamic programming for combinatorial optimization. In its current implementation, DIDP guides the search using user-defined dual bounds. Reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Minori Narita , Ryo Kuroiwa , J. Christopher Beck

Advanced model-based controllers are well established in process industries. However, such controllers require regular maintenance to maintain acceptable performance. It is a common practice to monitor controller performance continuously…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-14 Steven Spielberg , Aditya Tulsyan , Nathan P. Lawrence , Philip D Loewen , R. Bhushan Gopaluni

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful framework for solving sequential decision-making problems, achieving remarkable success in a wide range of applications, including game AI, autonomous driving, biomedicine, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yinghan Sun , Hongxi Wang , Hua Chen , Wei Zhang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a frequently employed technique to solve scheduling problems. Although DRL agents ace at delivering viable results in short computing times, their reasoning remains opaque. We conduct a case study where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Daniel Fischer , Hannah M. Hüsener , Felix Grumbach , Lukas Vollenkemper , Arthur Müller , Pascal Reusch
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